Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25193149›Full record

SynthesisSleep medicine reviews2015

Screen time and sleep among school-aged children and adolescents: a systematic literature review.

Lauren Hale, Stanford Guan

Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Sleep medicine reviews, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05310162 (Effect of the Intervention "Food, Fun and Family" on Sleep Bruxism in Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 573 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
573citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05310162 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Effect of the Intervention "Food, Fun and Family" on Sleep Bruxism in Children

TypeinterventionalSponsorCES UniversityRan2022 to 2023Enrolled80ConditionsSleep Bruxism, ChildhoodArmsFood, fun and family, Counseling
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

573 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Digital Devices Use and Sleep in Adolescents: An Umbrella Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Pooled it
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  8. Trial
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  11. Article
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  16. Sleep Duration and Sun Exposure in Portuguese Children: Associations With Obesity Indicators.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2026
    Article
  17. Intergenerational Co-parenting and Children's Screen Use: A Scoping Review.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2026
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

513 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Lauren HaleHealth Sciences Center, Level 3, Room 071, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8338, USA. Electronic address: Lauren.hale@stonybrook.edu.
Stanford GuanHealth Sciences Center, Level 3, Room 071, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8338, USA.

Funding

Longitudinal behavioral, sociodemographic and contextual predictors of young adult sleep health and well-beingR01HD073352 · NICHD · STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK · PI HALE, LAUREN · 2013 to 2023
$6.8M
Sleep, Obesity and the Well-Being of US AdolescentsR21DK089414 · NIDDK · UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY · PI HALE, LAUREN, KRUEGER, PATRICK M · 2011 to 2012
$394k
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD073352NICHD NIH HHS R01HD073352NIDDK NIH HHS R21 DK089414NIDDK NIH HHS R21DK089414
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We systematically examined and updated the scientific literature on the association between screen time (e.g., television, computers, video games, and mobile devices) and sleep outcomes among school-aged children and adolescents. We reviewed 67 studies published from 1999 to early 2014. We found that screen time is adversely associated with sleep outcomes (primarily shortened duration and delayed timing) in 90% of studies. Some of the results varied by type of screen exposure, age of participant, gender, and day of the week. While the evidence regarding the association between screen time and sleep is consistent, we discuss limitations of the current studies: 1) causal association not confirmed; 2) measurement error (of both screen time exposure and sleep measures); 3) limited data on simultaneous use of multiple screens, characteristics and content of screens used. Youth should be advised to limit or reduce screen time exposure, especially before or during bedtime hours to minimize any harmful effects of screen time on sleep and well-being. Future research should better account for the methodological limitations of the extant studies, and seek to better understand the magnitude and mechanisms of the association. These steps will help the development and implementation of policies or interventions related to screen time among youth.

Indexed as

AdolescentCell PhoneChildComputersFemaleHumansMaleSleepSleep DeprivationTelevisionTime FactorsVideo GamesChildren and adolescentsElectronic mediaMediaScreen timeSleepSleep durationTotal sleep timeVideo games

Identifiers

PMID25193149
PMCPMC4437561

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.