ReviewBrain research2015
Molecular mechanisms of scar-sourced axon growth inhibitors.
Review in Brain research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The Repair Manual of a Fruit Fly Brain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Diversified Materials for Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A role for nucleolin in functional improvement in stroke.iScience · 2026Article
- Systemic delivery of drug-free polymeric nanoparticles reprograms innate immunity in a sex-dependent manner after spinal cord injury.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mechanobiology of hippocampal neurogenesis: directing neural stem cell fate through physical cues.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Repair mechanisms of the central nervous system: From axon sprouting to remyelination.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Review
- Hepatocyte Growth Factor Delivery to Injured Cervical Spinal Cord Using an Engineered Biomaterial Protects Respiratory Neural Circuitry and Preserves Functional Diaphragm Innervation.Journal of neurotrauma · 2024Article
- Regeneration in Mice of Injured Skin, Heart, and Spinal Cord by α-Gal Nanoparticles Recapitulates Regeneration in Amphibians.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The potential therapeutic roles of dental pulp stem cells in spinal cord injury.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Review
- Intravenous administration exosomes derived from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells improves neurological recovery after acute traumatic spinal cord injury in rats.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2024Article
- Regulatory T lymphocytes as a therapy for ischemic stroke.Seminars in immunopathology · 2023Review
- Post-injury born oligodendrocytes incorporate into the glial scar and contribute to the inhibition of axon regeneration.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- Neurovascular Unit Compensation from Adjacent Level May Contribute to Spontaneous Functional Recovery in Experimental Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Genetic control of neuronal activity enhances axonal growth only on permissive substrates.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022Article
- Extracellular Matrix in Neural Plasticity and Regeneration.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- MicroRNA-mediated regulation of reactive astrocytes in central nervous system diseases.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Cellular and Molecular Gradients in the Ventral Horns With Increasing Distance From the Injury Site After Spinal Cord Contusion.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Article
- Unlike Brief Inhibition of Microglia Proliferation after Spinal Cord Injury, Long-Term Treatment Does Not Improve Motor Recovery.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Stem Cell Secretome for Spinal Cord Repair: Is It More than Just a Random Baseline Set of Factors?Cells · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Astrogliosis is a defense response of the CNS to minimize primary damage and to repair injured tissues, but it ultimately generates harmful effects by upregulating inhibitory molecules to suppress neuronal elongation and forming potent barriers to axon regeneration. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are highly expressed by reactive scars and are potent contributors to the non-permissive environment in mature CNS. Surmounting strong inhibition by CSPG-rich scar is an important therapeutic goal for achieving functional recovery after CNS injuries. Currently, enzymatic digestion of CSPGs with locally applied chondroitinase ABC is the main in vivo approach to overcome scar inhibition, but several disadvantages may prevent using this bacterial enzyme as a therapeutic option for patients. A better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying CSPG function may facilitate development of new effective therapies to overcome scar-mediated inhibition. Previous studies support that CSPGs act by non-specifically hindering the binding of matrix molecules to their cell surface receptors through steric interactions, but two members of the leukocyte common antigen related (LAR) phosphatase subfamily, protein tyrosine phosphatase σ and LAR, are functional receptors that bind CSPGs with high affinity and mediate CSPG inhibition. CSPGs may also act by binding two receptors for myelin-associated growth inhibitors, Nogo receptors 1 and 3. Thus, CSPGs inhibit axon growth through multiple mechanisms, making them especially potent and difficult therapeutic targets. Identification of CSPG receptors is not only important for understanding the scar-mediated growth suppression, but also for developing novel and selective therapies to promote axon sprouting and/or regeneration after CNS injuries. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Spinal cord injury.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.