ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2014
Endurance sport and "cardiac injury": a prospective study of recreational ironman athletes.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cardiac structure and function in elite female athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Physiological reports · 2021Pooled it
- Right Ventricular Function Improves After Bench Press: A Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Effect of regular endurance exercises on management of cardiovascular health in middle-aged men.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Serum Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Marker Changes in Repetitive Breath-hold Diving.Sports medicine - open · 2021Article
- Benefits and limitations of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic screening in top level endurance athletes.Biology of sport · 2021Article
- Exercise capacity, cardiovascular and metabolic risk of the sample of German police officers in a descriptive international comparison.International journal of medical sciences · 2021Observational
- Diastolic Function and Biomarkers of Long-Distance Walking Participants.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2020Article
- Prospective Evaluation of Cardiovascular, Cardiorespiratory, and Metabolic Risk of German Office Workers in Comparison to International Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Preparation for an Half-IronmanInternational journal of exercise science · 2020Article
- Case Report of a Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Intervention during Aerobic Exercise in a 44-year-old Amateur Triathlete Male with a History of Acute Myocardial Infarction.International journal of exercise science · 2020Article
- Exploring the Aortic Root Diameter and Left Ventricle Size Among Lithuanian Athletes.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Article
- Changes of cardiac biomarkers after ultradistance and standard-distance triathlon.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2019Article
- Core Temperature Response During the Marathon Portion of the Ironman World Championship (Kona-Hawaii).Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Evaluation of the Heart Function of Swimmers Subjected to Exhaustive Repetitive Endurance Efforts During a 500-km Relay.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Blood biomarkers in male and female participants after an Ironman-distance triathlon.PloS one · 2017Article
- Pre-participation and follow-up screening of athletes for endurance sport.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2015Review
- Aerobic Capacity, Physical Activity and Metabolic Risk Factors in Firefighters Compared with Police Officers and Sedentary Clerks.PloS one · 2015Article
- Variables that influence Ironman triathlon performance - what changed in the last 35 years?Open access journal of sports medicine · 2015Review
- Echocardiography in the evaluation of athletes.F1000Research · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundParticipation in triathlon competitions has increased in recent years. Many studies have described left or right ventricular injury in endurance athletes. The goal of this study was to examine the right and left ventricular cardiac structures and function and dynamic cardio-pulmonary performance in a large cohort of middle- and long-distance triathletes.
methods87 triathletes (54 male and 33 female) were examined using spiroergometry and echocardiography. The inclusion criterion was participation in at least one middle- or long distance triathlon.
resultsMale triathletes showed a maximum oxygen absorption of 58.1 ± 8.6 mL/min/kg (female triathletes 52.8 ± 5.7 mL/min/kg), maximum ergometer performance of 347.8 ± 49.9 W (female triathletes 264.5 ± 26.1 W). Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was normal (male triathletes EF: 61.9% ± 3%, female triathletes EF: 63.0% ± 2.7%) and systolic right ventricular area change fraction (RV AFC%) showed normal values (males RV AFC%: 33.5% ± 2.2%, females 32.2% ± 2.8%). Doppler indices of diastolic function were normal in both groups. With respect to the echocardiographic readings the left ventricular mass for males and females were 217.7 ± 41.6 g and 145.9 ± 31.3 g, respectively. The relative wall thickness for males was 0.50 ± 0.07, whereas it was 0.47 ± 0.09 for females. The probability of left ventricular mass >220 g increased with higher blood pressure during exercise (OR: 1.027, CI 1.002-1.052, p = 0.034) or with higher training volume (OR: 1.23, CI 1.04-1.47, p = 0.019).
conclusionsRight or left ventricular dysfunction could not be found, although the maximal participation in triathlon competitions was 29 years. A left ventricular mass >220 g is more likely to occur with higher arterial pressure during exercise and with a higher training volume.
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