ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2014
Intracellular sensing of complement C3 activates cell autonomous immunity.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
127 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pitfalls in complement analysis: A systematic literature review of assessing complement activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Advances in Complement Research: from Pathophysiology to Precision Medicine.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Mechanistic insight into complement C3 regulation during chronic HBV infection: effect on viral persistence and host immune response.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Article
- Complement C3a Suppresses Spinal Cord Neural Stem Cell Activation by Inhibiting UCHL1 via the NF-κB p65/Nrf2 Pathway.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- A new perspective on AMD pathogenesis: a sequential Factor H-centered view of complement dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Intracellular C3 regulates the immune response to infection via NF-κB signaling.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Old dogs-new tricks: multifaceted functions of MAVS beyond antivirus activity in human health and diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- The grand escape - how pathogens outsmart the human complement system.Immunobiology · 2025Review
- PgtE protease enables virulentmBio · 2025Article
- Inside job: Roles of intracellular C3.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Complosome as a new intracellular regulatory network in both normal and malignant hematopoiesis.Leukemia · 2025Review
- The secret life of complement: challenges and opportunities in exploring functions of the complosome in disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal that carbon metabolism and complement system of Madin Darby Bovine Kidney cells are affected by bovine coronavirus infection.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Lnc-DARVR/miR-365-1-5p/LAMB1 axis regulates rotavirus replication via the complement C3 pathway.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- CTSL-2 upon specifically recognizing Vibrio splendidus directly cleaves complement C3 to promote the bacterial phagocytosis and degradation in oyster.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Astrocyte-derived complement C3 facilitated microglial phagocytosis of synapses in Staphylococcus aureus-associated neurocognitive deficits.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Divergent responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in bronchial epithelium with pre-existing respiratory diseases.iScience · 2025Article
- New insights into the role of complement system in colorectal cancer (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- An intracellular complement system drives metabolic and proinflammatory reprogramming of vascular fibroblasts in pulmonary hypertension.JCI insight · 2025Article
67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pathogens traverse multiple barriers during infection, including cell membranes. We found that during this transition, pathogens carried covalently attached complement C3 into the cell, triggering immediate signaling and effector responses. Sensing of C3 in the cytosol activated mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-dependent signaling cascades and induced proinflammatory cytokine secretion. C3 also flagged viruses for rapid proteasomal degradation, preventing their replication. This system could detect both viral and bacterial pathogens but was antagonized by enteroviruses, such as rhinovirus and poliovirus, which cleave C3 using their 3C protease. The antiviral rupintrivir inhibited 3C protease and prevented C3 cleavage, rendering enteroviruses susceptible to intracellular complement sensing. Thus, complement C3 allows cells to detect and disable pathogens that have invaded the cytosol.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.