SynthesisEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2014
Outdoor fine particles and nonfatal strokes: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Pooled it
- The long-term effect of exposure to respirable particulate matter on the incidence of myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis study.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Pooled it
- Long-Term PMJournal of the American Heart Association · 2021Pooled it
- Fine particulate matter exposure aggravates ischemic injury via NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2022Article
- Air Quality Sensors Systems as Tools to Support Guidance in Athletics Stadia for Elite and Recreational Athletes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Editorial: Particles and Health 2021: An international conference addressing issues in science and regulation.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Health risk assessment of PMScientific reports · 2021Observational
- Forgotten but not gone: Particulate matter as contaminations of mucosal systems.Biophysics reviews · 2021Review
- Association of Fine Particulate Matter and Risk of Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests and Wildfire-Related Particulate Matter During 2015-2017 California Wildfires.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Short-term associations between ambient air pollution and stroke hospitalisations: time-series study in Shenzhen, China.BMJ open · 2020Article
- Inverse probability weighted distributed lag effects of short-term exposure to PMEnvironmental research · 2020Article
- PM2.5 air pollution and cause-specific cardiovascular disease mortality.International journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- Impact of Obesity and Ozone on the Association Between Particulate Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke Mortality Among US Adults.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Article
- Cardiovascular effects of air pollution.Archives of cardiovascular diseases · 2017Review
- Particulate Air Pollutants, Brain Structure, and Neurocognitive Disorders in Older Women.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2017Article
- Article
- Article
- PM2.5 Spatiotemporal Variations and the Relationship with Meteorological Factors during 2013-2014 in Beijing, China.PloS one · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEpidemiologic studies find that long- and short-term exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. However, few systematic reviews or meta-analyses have synthesized these results.
methodsWe reviewed epidemiologic studies that estimated the risks of nonfatal strokes attributable to ambient PM2.5. To pool risks among studies we used a random-effects model and 2 Bayesian approaches. The first Bayesian approach assumes a normal prior that allows risks to be zero, positive or negative. The second assumes a gamma prior, where risks can only be positive. This second approach is proposed when the number of studies pooled is small, and there is toxicological or clinical literature to support a causal relation.
resultsWe identified 20 studies suitable for quantitative meta-analysis. Evidence for publication bias is limited. The frequentist meta-analysis produced pooled risk ratios of 1.06 (95% confidence interval = 1.00-1.13) and 1.007 (1.003-1.010) for long- and short-term effects, respectively. The Bayesian meta-analysis found a posterior mean risk ratio of 1.08 (95% posterior interval = 0.96-1.26) and 1.008 (1.003-1.013) from a normal prior, and of 1.05 (1.02-1.10) and 1.008 (1.004-1.013) from a gamma prior, for long- and short-term effects, respectively, per 10 μg/m PM2.5.
conclusionsSufficient evidence exists to develop a concentration-response relation for short- and long-term exposures to PM2.5 and stroke incidence. Long-term exposures to PM2.5 result in a higher risk ratio than short-term exposures, regardless of the pooling method. The evidence for short-term PM2.5-related ischemic stroke is especially strong.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.