ReviewThe American journal on addictions
The self-medication hypothesis and psychostimulant treatment of cocaine dependence: an update.
Review in The American journal on addictions. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations in reward network functional connectivity are associated with increased food addiction in obese individuals.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- How treatment improvement in ADHD and cocaine dependence are related to one another: A secondary analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Trial
- Depression in Opioid Use Disorder: A Tripartite Psychopathological Model for Dual Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Stimulant Treatment Gap in ADHD Patients with Heroin Use Disorder: Clinical and Behavioural Consequences.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with Suicide Attempts in Adults with ADHD: Findings from a Clinical Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Perceived Barriers to Medication Adherence in Adolescents and Young Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Adapting the Customized Adherence Enhancement Intervention.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP · 2025Article
- Pharmacotherapies for stimulant use disorder and co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: protocol for a systematic review and a meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- ADHD: prevalence and effect on opioid use disorder treatment outcome in a French sample of patients receiving medication for opioid use disorder-the influence of impulsivity as a mediating factor.Harm reduction journal · 2024Observational
- "I Can Combine Those Things to be a Superhero" a Qualitative Study of the Motivations for High-Risk Polysubstance Use.Journal of drug issues · 2024Article
- Association between ADHD symptoms and illicit stimulants use following 1 year among French university students of the i-Share cohort.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Article
- Influence of anxious attachment on the relationship between primary emotions and substance-related addictive behaviors.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Where Do Neurodevelopmental Disorders Go? Casting the Eye Away from Childhood towards Adulthood.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Perceived Social Support on the Relationship Between ADD/ADHD and Both Anxious and Depressive Symptoms Among Canadian Adults.Journal of attention disorders · 2023Article
- Novel Psychoactive Substances: The Razor's Edge between Therapeutical Potential and Psychoactive Recreational Misuse.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Differences in alcohol and cannabis use amongst substance use disorder patients with and without comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2022Article
- Adult Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder/Substance Use Disorder Dual Disorder Patients: A Dual Disorder Unit Point of View.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2022Article
- Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Symptoms Seem Not to Influence the Outcome of an Enhanced Agonist Opioid Treatment: A 30-Year Follow-Up.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Influence of Substance Use Disorder on Treatment Retention of Adult-Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder Patients. A 5-Year Follow-Up Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- The Importance of a Multi-Disciplinary Approach to the Endometriotic Patients: The Relationship between Endometriosis and Psychic Vulnerability.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Does Cannabis, Cocaine and Alcohol Use Impact Differently on Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Clinical Picture?Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStimulant medications have shown promise as a treatment for cocaine dependence (CD) for several decades, yet these treatments have not been widely studied and substantial barriers to clinical implementation remain. The "Self-Medication Hypothesis," posits that an individual's choice to use a particular substance is to some degree based on the substance's effect on subjective painful affects or unpleasant emotional states which may or may not be associated with a psychiatric disorder.
objectivesThe Self-Medication Hypothesis remains relevant, particularly when considering the scenario of cocaine dependence, both with and without and co-occurring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
methodsTwo case studies (N=2) and a review of the relevant literature are provided in this clinical update on psychostimulant treatment of cocaine dependence.
resultsTwo case studies are presented in which psychostimulant treatment of cocaine dependence was associated with a good clinical outcome. DISCUSSION: While the use of psychostimulant medication for the treatment of cocaine dependence is controversial, emerging evidence suggests potential utility for this approach.
conclusionsCocaine use in individuals with CD may represent self-medication, and prescribed psychostimulants may have benefit in restoring dopaminergic function. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Psychostimulant treatment of cocaine dependence is consistent with the Self-Meidcation Hypothesis and is deserving of further study.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.