ReviewEndocrine2015
Intra-articular glucocorticoid injections and their effect on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis function.
Review in Endocrine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Efficacy of Intra-articular Triamcinolone Acetonide 5mg vs. 10 mg vs. 40 mg in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: a Non-inferiority Randomized Controlled Double-blind Study
RCT to Evaluate the Effects of Zilretta (Triamcinolone Acetonide- Extended Release) and Kenalog (Triamcinolone Acetonide- Immediate Release) on Blood Glucose in Subjects With Osteoarthritis of the Knee and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Corticosteroid Doses on Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Musculoskeletal care · 2025Pooled it
- Intra-articular injection of methylprednisolone for reducing pain in knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Safety and pharmacokinetics of EP-104IAR (sustained-release fluticasone propionate) in knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 trial.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2021Trial
- Comparative assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression secondary to intrabursal injection of different glucocorticoids: a pilot study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2019Trial
- Rare causes of exogenous Cushing's Syndrome: a challenge for endocrinologists.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Neosaxitoxin Downregulates Inflammation in an Equine In Vivo Model of Osteoarthritis.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Association of preoperative corticosteroids with persistent opioid requirements following total knee arthroplasty: an exploratory population-based cohort study.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2026Article
- Safety of methylprednisolone irrigation during sialendoscopy: effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Brain inflammation and its predictive value for post-operative pain in total knee arthroplasty patients.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Are Preoperative Corticosteroid Injections in Large or Intermediate Joints Associated with Surgical Site Infection After Soft Tissue Hand Surgery? A Retrospective Database Analysis.The Journal of hand surgery · 2025Article
- Pain mechanism and management strategy of rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome and Adrenal Suppression Presenting as Perimenopause.JCEM case reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Prevalence of Adrenal Insufficiency in Korean Patients undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty.Annals of geriatric medicine and research · 2024Article
- Ultrasound guided platelet rich plasma injections for post-traumatic greater occipital neuralgia following concussion: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Impact of Intra-Articular Corticosteroid Injection on Glycemic Control: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2024Article
- The Effect of Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injections on Vaccine Efficacy: A Current Concepts Review.The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2023Review
- Perioperative Evaluation and Management of Patients on Glucocorticoids.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Review
- Timing of musculoskeletal steroid injections in pain practice during Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine administration.The Korean journal of pain · 2022Article
- The COVID-19 vaccine and interventional procedures: Exploring the relationship between steroid administration and subsequent vaccine efficacy.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of intra-articular (IA) glucocorticoids for reducing pain and inflammation in patients with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory arthropathies is widespread among primary care physicians, specialists, and non-specialists in the United States. Injectable glucocorticoids have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties which can be effective in improving clinical parameters such as pain, range of motion, and quality of life. After injection into the IA space, glucocorticoids may be systemically absorbed; the degree of absorption can depend on the size of the joint injected, the injectable glucocorticoid preparation used, the dosage, and the frequency of the injection. The adverse effects of intra-articular glucocorticoid injections (IAGC) can often be overlooked by both the patient and physicians who administer them, in particular the potential deleterious effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis which can result in adrenal suppression and/or iatrogenic Cushing syndrome. In this paper we provide an overview on the often under-recognized effects of IAGC on HPA-axis function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.