ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2014
Sex steroid hormone metabolism in relation to risk of aggressive prostate cancer.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bridging Andrology and Oncology: Prognostic Indicators of Cancer Among Infertile Men.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- RTN2, a new member of circadian clock genes identified by database mining and bioinformatics prediction, is highly expressed in ovarian cancer.Molecular medicine reports · 2022Article
- Prenatal Diethylstilbestrol Exposure and Cancer Risk in Males.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Article
- Steroidomics for the Prevention, Assessment, and Management of Cancers: A Systematic Review and Functional Analysis.Metabolites · 2019Review
- Current strategies for quantification of estrogens in clinical research.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2019Review
- Serum Steroid Ratio Profiles in Prostate Cancer: A New Diagnostic Tool Toward a Personalized Medicine Approach.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Article
- Relationships between Circulating and Intraprostatic Sex Steroid Hormone Concentrations.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2017Article
- Ultra-high sensitivity analysis of estrogens for special populations in serum and plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Assay considerations and suggested practices.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2016Review
- Pre-diagnostic circulating sex hormone levels and risk of prostate cancer by ERG tumour protein expression.British journal of cancer · 2016Article
- Serum androgens and prostate cancer risk: results from the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2016Article
- Sex Steroid Hormone Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms, Pesticide Use, and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study within the Agricultural Health Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2016Article
- Analysis of Important Gene Ontology Terms and Biological Pathways Related to Pancreatic Cancer.BioMed research international · 2016Article
- Reproducibility of an assay to measure serum progesterone metabolites that may be related to breast cancer risk using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Hormone molecular biology and clinical investigation · 2015Article
- Nothing Boring About Boron.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2015Review
- Serum testosterone as a biomarker for second prostatic biopsy in men with negative first biopsy for prostatic cancer and PSA>4ng/mL, or with PIN biopsy result.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe combined action of androgens and estrogens-specifically their balance-may play a role in prostate carcinogenesis, but existing evidence is sparse and inconsistent. We investigated associations between serum sex steroid hormones, including estrogen metabolites, and risk of aggressive prostate cancer.
methodsIn a case-control study nested within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial cohort, we measured serum estrone, estradiol, and 13 estrogen metabolites, in the 2-, 4-, or 16-hydroxylation pathways, using an LC/MS-MS assay. Cases (n = 195) were non-Hispanic white men ages 55 to 70 years when diagnosed with aggressive prostate cancer (stage III or IV and/or Gleason ≥7). Controls (n = 195) were non-Hispanic white men without prostate cancer who were frequency matched to cases by age and year at blood draw, and time since baseline screen. Only men with serum testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin measured previously were eligible. Logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
resultsRisk of aggressive prostate cancer was strongly inversely associated with estradiol:testosterone ratio (OR4th quartile vs. 1st = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.12-0.59, Ptrend = 0.003) and positively associated with 2:16α-hydroxyestrone ratio (OR4th quartile vs. 1st = 2.44; 95% CI, 1.34-4.45, Ptrend = 0.001). Individual estrogen metabolites were unrelated to risk.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that sex steroid hormones, specifically the estrogen-androgen balance, may be important in the development of aggressive prostate cancer. IMPACT: Improved understanding of the hormonal etiology of prostate cancer is critical for prevention and therapeutic interventions.
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