ArticleParasites & vectors2014
An inverse association between West Nile virus serostatus and avian malaria infection status.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incriminating vectors of deer malaria (Plasmodium odocoilei) at a Florida deer farm.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Bagaza virus and Plasmodium spp. coinfection in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa), in Southern Spain 2019.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- Review
- Vector-Borne Blood Parasites of the Great-Tailed Grackle (Microorganisms · 2021Article
- West Nile Virus: An Update on Pathobiology, Epidemiology, Diagnostics, Control and "One Health" Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Exposure of Anopheles mosquitoes to trypanosomes reduces reproductive fitness and enhances susceptibility to Plasmodium.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Haemoproteosis lethality in a woodpecker, with molecular and morphological characterization ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2019Article
- Prevalence and diversity of avian blood parasites in a resident northern passerine.Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
- Microbial Pre-exposure and Vectorial Competence ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Article
- Overlap in the Seasonal Infection Patterns of Avian Malaria Parasites and West Nile Virus in Vectors and Hosts.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2016Article
- Detection, prevalence, and transmission of avian hematozoa in waterfowl at the Arctic/sub-Arctic interface: co-infections, viral interactions, and sources of variation.Parasites & vectors · 2016Article
- Path analyses of cross-sectional and longitudinal data suggest that variability in natural communities of blood-associated parasites is derived from host characteristics and not interspecific interactions.Parasites & vectors · 2015Article
- Avian malaria parasites in the last supper: identifying encounters between parasites and the invasive Asian mosquito tiger and native mosquito species in Italy.Malaria journal · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVarious ecological and physiological mechanisms might influence the probability that two or more pathogens may simultaneously or sequentially infect a host individual. Concurrent infections can have important consequences for host condition and fitness, including elevated mortality risks. In addition, interactions between coinfecting pathogens may have important implications for transmission dynamics.
methodsHere, we explore patterns of association between two common avian pathogens (West Nile virus and avian malaria parasites) among a suburban bird community in Chicago, IL, USA that share mosquito vectors. We surveyed 1714 individual birds across 13 species for both pathogens through established molecular protocols.
resultsField investigations of haemosporidian and West Nile virus (WNV) infections among sampled birds yielded an inverse association between WNV serostatus and Plasmodium infection status. This relationship occurred in adult birds but not in juveniles. There was no evidence for a relationship between Haemoproteus infection and WNV serostatus. We detected similar prevalence of Plasmodium among birds captured with active WNV infections and spatiotemporally paired WNV-naïve individuals of the same species, demonstrating that the two pathogens can co-infect hosts.
conclusionsMechanisms explaining the negative association between WNV serostatus and Plasmodium infection status remain unclear and must be resolved through experimental infection procedures. However, our results highlight potential interactions between two common avian pathogens that may influence their transmission among hosts. This is especially relevant considering that West Nile virus is a common zoonotic pathogen with public health implications. Moreover, both pathogens are instructive models in infectious disease ecology, and infection with either has fitness consequences for their avian hosts.
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