Observational studyBMC pulmonary medicine2014
Respiratory virus is a real pathogen in immunocompetent community-acquired pneumonia: comparing to influenza like illness and volunteer controls.
Observational study in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Etiological Role of Common Respiratory Viruses in Acute Respiratory Infections in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Viral non-SARS-CoV-2 etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Southeast Asia: a review and pooled analysis.IJID regions · 2025Review
- Clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in etiologic diagnosis of severe pneumonia in adults.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- The clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in immunocompromised patients with severe respiratory infections in the ICU.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics of outpatients with influenza-B-associated pneumonia and molecular evolution of influenza B virus in Beijing, China, during the 2021-2022 influenza season.Archives of virology · 2024Article
- Comparison of Pneumonia Severity Indices, qCSI, 4C-Mortality Score and qSOFA in Predicting Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Clinical impact of nosocomial infection with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in a respiratory ward in Guangzhou.Journal of thoracic disease · 2021Article
- Multinational evaluation of the BioFire® FilmArray® Pneumonia plus Panel as compared to standard of care testing.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2021Article
- Analysis of antibiotic usage for viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults.Frontiers of medicine · 2021Article
- Viral pneumonia in China: from surveillance to response.The Lancet. Public health · 2020Article
- Advances in laboratory assays for detecting human metapneumovirus.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Review
- The prevalence of respiratory pathogens in adults with community-acquired pneumonia in an outpatient cohort.Infection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese Medical Association.The clinical respiratory journal · 2018Review
- Respiratory virus of severe pneumonia in South Korea: Prevalence and clinical implications.PloS one · 2018Article
- Severe Respiratory Viral Infections: New Evidence and Changing Paradigms.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2017Review
- Viral Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Clinics in chest medicine · 2017Review
- Update on Human Rhinovirus and Coronavirus Infections.Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine · 2016Review
- Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundViral pathogens were more commonly reported than previously estimated in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients. However, the real role of virus was still controversial.
methodsConsecutive adult patients with CAP between April and December, 2009 were prospectively enrolled. A four-fold or greater increase of IgG-titres against respiratory viruses in pair sera was tested by means of hemagglutination inhibition assay or indirect immunofluorescence. Swab samples were tested by cell culture and/or nucleic amplification tests. Viral etiology was considered definitive if at least one of the above tests was positive.
resultsViral etiology was established in fifty-two (34.9%) of 149 CAP patients, twenty-two (81.5%) of 27 influenza like illness patients, and none of 75 volunteer controls. Forty-seven CAP patients were infected by a single virus (24 influenza A virus, 5 influenza B, 10 parainfluenza virus type 3 [PIV-3], 2 PIV-1, 2 adenovirus, 2 human rhinovirus and 2 coronavirus OC43), five cases by two or three viruses co-infection. Fever ≥ 39 °C (66.7%), fatigue (64.6%), and purulent sputum (52.1%) was the most common symptoms in viral pneumonia patients. On multivariate analysis, myalgia was included in the model for pneumonia associated with influenza infection. In the CURB-65 model only influenza infection was found independently associated with severe disease (CURB-65 score ≥ 3) out of variables, including age(years), sex, current smoking status, sick contact with febrile patients, numbers of comorbidity, presence of influenza infection, presence of PIV infection, with P = 0.021, OR 7.86 (95% CI 1.37-45.04).
conclusionRespiratory virus was not a bystander, but pathogenic in pneumonia and was a common cause of CAP.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.