ReviewWiley interdisciplinary reviews. Developmental biology
Development and evolution of the pharyngeal apparatus.
Review in Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Developmental biology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed.
- The lipid raft-linker gene Raftlin-2 is expressed in migrating neural crest cells.Differentiation; research in biological diversity · 2026Article
- Review
- Endodermal cells use contact inhibition of locomotion to achieve uniform cell dispersal during zebrafish gastrulation.iScience · 2025Article
- Article
- The Stylohyoid Complex: An Update on Its Embryology, Comparative Anatomy and Human Variations.Biology · 2025Review
- Unilateral Congenital Cartilaginous Rests of the Neck: A Case Report and Literature Review.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Her9 is required for the migration, differentiation, and survival of neural crest cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Come together over me: Cells that form the dermatocranium and chondrocranium in mice.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2025Article
- Nkx2.7 is a conserved regulator of craniofacial development.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The subclavian artery branching patterns with emphasis on the unilateral thyrovertebral trunk: a cadaver case report.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Article
- Pleiotropic function of Dlx5/6 in the development of mammalian vocal and auditory organs.PloS one · 2025Article
- Thymus Ontogeny and Development.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- High-throughput microRNA sequencing in the developing branchial arches suggests miR-92b-3p regulation of a cardiovascular gene network.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Article
- StaVia: spatially and temporally aware cartography with higher-order random walks for cell atlases.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Transcriptional and epigenetic characterization of a new in vitro platform to model the formation of human pharyngeal endoderm.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Histology Atlas of the Developing Mouse Respiratory System From Prenatal Day 9.0 Through Postnatal Day 30.Toxicologic pathology · 2024Review
- Functional and Genetic Analyses Unveil the Implication ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The oral or pharyngeal apparatus facilitates the dual functions of respiration and feeding. It develops during embryogenesis from transient structures called pharyngeal arches (PAs), which comprise a reiterated series of outgrowths on the lateral side of the head. The PAs and their segmental arrangement are highly conserved throughout evolution from invertebrate chordates such as amphioxus, through to vertebrate agnathans including avians, squamates, and mammals. The structural organization of the PAs is also highly conserved and involves contributions from each of the three primary endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm germ layers. The endoderm is particularly important for PA formation and segmentation and also plays a critical role in tissue-specific differentiation. The ectoderm gives rise to neural crest cells (NCC) which provide an additional layer of complexity to PA development and differentiation in vertebrates compared to invertebrate chordates that do not possess NCC. Collectively, the PAs give rise to much of the neurovasculature and musculoskeletal systems in the head and neck. The complexity of development renders the pharyngeal apparatus prone to perturbation and subsequently the pathogenesis of birth defects. Hence it is important to understand the signals and mechanisms that govern the development and evolution of the pharyngeal complex.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.