ArticleXenotransplantation
Development of a consensus protocol to quantify primate anti-non-Gal xenoreactive antibodies using pig aortic endothelial cells.
Article in Xenotransplantation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple human transgenes prolong survival of triple-carbohydrate knockout porcine kidney xenografts in nonhuman primates.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Immune rejection of human mesenchymal stem cells compared to extracellular vesicles in mice with renal artery stenosis.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Article
- Contributions of Europeans to Xenotransplantation Research: 1. Pig Organ Xenotransplantation.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- Combination of Anti-CD40 and Anti-CD40L Antibodies as Co-Stimulation Blockade in Preclinical Cardiac Xenotransplantation.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- A Standardized Approach to Orthotopic (Life-supporting) Porcine Cardiac Xenotransplantation in a Nonhuman Primate Model.Transplantation · 2023Article
- Graft dysfunction in compassionate use of genetically engineered pig-to-human cardiac xenotransplantation: a case report.Lancet (London, England) · 2023Article
- Knock-out of N-glycolylneuraminic acid attenuates antibody-mediated rejection in xenogenically perfused porcine lungs.Xenotransplantation · 2022Article
- Progressive genetic modifications of porcine cardiac xenografts extend survival to 9 months.Xenotransplantation · 2022Article
- Xenotransplantation of Genetically Modified Neonatal Pig Islets Cures Diabetes in Baboons.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Kidney transplantation from triple-knockout pigs expressing multiple human proteins in cynomolgus macaques.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2022Article
- Early barriers to neonatal porcine islet engraftment in a dual transplant model.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2018Article
- The impact of serum incubation time on IgM/IgG binding to porcine aortic endothelial cells.Xenotransplantation · 2017Article
- Recent investigations into pig antigen and anti-pig antibody expression.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2015Review
- Expression of human thrombomodulin by GalTKO.hCD46 pigs modulates coagulation cascade activation by endothelial cells and during ex vivo lung perfusion with human blood.XenotransplantationArticle
- Early graft failure of GalTKO pig organs in baboons is reduced by expression of a human complement pathway-regulatory protein.XenotransplantationArticle
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundScientists working in the field of xenotransplantation do not employ a uniform method to measure and report natural and induced antibody responses to non-Galα(1,3)Gal (non-Gal) epitopes. Such humoral responses are thought to be particularly pathogenic after transplantation of vascularized GalTKO pig organs and having a more uniform assay and reporting format would greatly facilitate comparisons between laboratories.
methodsFlow cytometry allows examination of antibody reactivity to intact antigens in their natural location and conformation on cell membranes. We have established a simple and reproducible flow cytometric assay to detect antibodies specific for non-Gal pig antigens using primary porcine aortic endothelial cells (pAECs) and cell culture-adapted pAEC cell lines generated from wild type and α1,3galactosyl transferase knockout (GalTKO) swine.
resultsThe consensus protocol we propose here is based on procedures routinely used in four xenotransplantation centers and was independently evaluated at three sites using shared cells and serum samples. Our observation support use of the cell culture-adapted GalTKO pAEC KO:15502 cells as a routine method to determine the reactivity of anti-non-Gal antibodies in human and baboon serum.
conclusionsWe have developed an assay that allows the detection of natural and induced non-Gal xenoreactive antibodies present in human or baboon serum in a reliable and consistent manner. This consensus assay and format for reporting the data should be accessible to laboratories and will be useful for assessing experimental results between multiple research centers. Adopting this assay and format for reporting the data should facilitate the detection, monitoring, and detailed characterization of non-Gal antibody responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.