ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2015
Electronic cigarettes are a source of thirdhand exposure to nicotine.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Thirdhand Vape Residue from Nicotine and Non-Nicotine Vapes on Cells: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Parental Smoking and E-cigarette Use in Homes and Cars.Pediatrics · 2019Trial
- Parental Dual Use of e-Cigarettes and Traditional Cigarettes.Academic pediatricsTrial
- Aerosol, vapor, or chemicals? College student perceptions of harm from electronic cigarettes and support for a tobacco-free campus policy.Journal of American college health : J of ACHTrial
- Sex-specific modulation of lung function and transcriptome in neonate mice exposed to thirdhand electronic-cigarette aerosols.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Contribution of Consumer Products to Emerging Chemical Exposures in a Preconception Cohort Study.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- On the Detection and Scope of "Third-Hand Vaping": A Critical Review of the Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
- To Vape or Not to Vape: Oral Health in the Age of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems.International dental journal · 2026Review
- The Prothrombotic Phenotype of Thirdhand Electronic Cigarette Exposure is Sex Independent and Involves Systemic Mediated Effects on Platelet Function: Evidence from a Mouse Model.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Article
- Multisystem Toxicity of E-Cigarettes in Preclinical and Clinical Studies: Pathophysiologic Effects of E-Cigarette Aerosol Exposures from Head to Toe.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2026Review
- E-cigarette use, perceived risks, attitudes, opinions of e-cigarette policies, and associated factors among Thai university students.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Knowledge and Attitudes Toward E-cigarette Use: A Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2023Article
- Thirdhand vaping exposures are associated with pulmonary and systemic inflammation in a mouse model.Journal of environmental exposure assessment · 2023Article
- Tracing the movement of electronic cigarette flavor chemicals and nicotine from refill fluids to aerosol, lungs, exhale, and the environment.Chemosphere · 2022Article
- When Hotel Guests Complain About Tobacco, Electronic Cigarettes, and Cannabis: Lessons for Implementing Smoking Bans.Tobacco use insights · 2022Article
- Laboratory Determination of Gravimetric Correction Factors for Real-time Area Measurements of Electronic Cigarette Aerosols.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2022Article
- E-cigarette fluids and aerosol residues cause oxidative stress and an inflammatory response in human keratinocytes and 3D skin models.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2021Article
- Toxicology of flavoring- and cannabis-containing e-liquids used in electronic delivery systems.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021Review
- Effects of electronic cigarette aerosol exposure on oral and systemic health.Biomedical journal · 2021Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSubstances remaining on the surfaces in areas where people have smoked contribute to thirdhand exposure. Nicotine from tobacco smoke has been shown to react with oxidizing chemicals in the air to form secondary pollutants, such as carcinogenic nitrosamines. While previous studies have demonstrated thirdhand exposure to nicotine from tobacco smoke, none have investigated whether nicotine from electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) can also be deposited on various surfaces.
methodsThree brands of e-cigarettes were refilled with varying nicotine concentrations. We released 100 puffs from each product directly into an exposure chamber. Surface wipe samples were taken from 5 indoor 100 cm(2) surfaces (window, walls, floor, wood, and metal) pre- and post-release of vapors. Nicotine was extracted from the wipes and was analyzed using gas chromatography.
resultsThree of the 4 experiments showed significant increases in the amount of nicotine on all five surfaces. The floor and glass windows had the greatest increases in nicotine, on average by a factor of 47 and 6, respectively (p < .05). The average amount of nicotine deposited on a floor during each experiment was 205 μg/m(2) and varied from limit of quantitation to 550 μg/m(2).
conclusionsThis study indicates that there is a risk for thirdhand exposure to nicotine from e-cigarettes. Thirdhand exposure levels differ depending on the surface and the e-cigarette brand. Future research should explore the potential risks of thirdhand exposure to carcinogens formed from the nicotine that is released from e-cigarettes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.