Trial reportPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2015
Antibiotic prophylaxis in the management of vesicoureteric reflux: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
Trial report in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for management of urinary tract infection and primary vesicoureteric reflux.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Guideline
- Effectiveness of various treatment modalities in children with vesicoureteral reflux grades II-IV: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMJ paediatrics open · 2023Pooled it
- Long-term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Uropathogen Resistance and Antibiotic Prophylaxis: A Meta-analysis.Pediatrics · 2018Pooled it
- Controversies in treating febrile infantile urinary tract infection caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae: an international multi-centre survey.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Surgical and Infectious Complications Following Kidney Transplantation: A Contemporary Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Outcomes in children with vesicoureteral reflux receiving antibiotic prophylaxis.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
- Impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on urinary tract infection recurrence in children Rapid review.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2024Review
- Conflicting views of physicians and surgeons concerning pediatric urinary tract infection: a comparative review.Pediatric radiology · 2023Review
- Effects of electroacupuncture on pediatric chronic urinary retention: a case-series study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Examination of Complementary Medicine for Treating Urinary Tract Infections Among Pregnant Women and Children.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Vesicoureteral reflux is it important to find?Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Current Management of Urinary Tract Infection and Vesicoureteral Reflux.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2020Review
- Review
- Urinary tract infections in children.Lancet (London, England) · 2020Review
- Current status of long-term antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infections in children: An antibiotic stewardship challenge.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2019Review
- Primary vesicoureteral reflux; what have we learnt from the recently published randomized, controlled trials?Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2019Review
- Antimicrobial Pharmacotherapy Management of Urinary Tract Infections in Pediatric Patients.The Journal of pharmacy technology : jPT : official publication of the Association of Pharmacy Technicians · 2018Review
- The RIVUR study: a review of its findings.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe benefits of long-term low-dose antibiotics in preventing urinary tract infection (UTI) and renal damage in children with primary vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) are unclear.
methodsChildren aged between 1 and 12 years with VUR grade I-IV and a microbiologically proven UTI were randomized into two groups to receive either antibiotic prophylaxis [2 mg/kg trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)] daily or placebo, respectively, for 12 months. Primary outcome was microbiologically confirmed symptomatic UTI. Intention-to-treat analysis using time-to-event data was performed.
resultsA total of 93 children (66.7 % boys) with a median age of 4.6 years were enrolled in this study; VUR grade III-IV was present in 73.1 % of these children. At least one symptomatic UTI occurred in ten (21.3 %) patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis and in three (6.5 %) patients receiving placebo [hazard ratio in antibiotic group 3.9; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1- 14; log rank test P = 0.02). Compared to the group receiving placebo, the antibiotic group had a 14.8 % increased risk for developing UTI (95 % CI 1-28; P = 0.03). Of the total number of episodes of UTI, 58.3 % of those in the antibiotic group were caused by TMP-SMX-resistant bacteria compared to 20 % in the placebo group (P = 0.15). A renal scan at 12 months revealed that six of 37 (16.2 %) patients in the antibiotic group and seven of 43 (16.3 %) patients in the placebo group had new or worsening of pre-existing scar.
conclusionsLong-term antibiotic prophylaxis with TMP-SMX is associated with increased risk of symptomatic UTI compared to placebo in children with grade I-IV VUR.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.