ArticleEnvironmental research2014
The effects of air pollution on adverse birth outcomes.
Article in Environmental research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Susceptible window identification of the relationship between maternal ozone exposure and preterm birth.International health · 2026Pooled it
- A Simple Method to Establish Sufficiency and Stability in Meta-Analyses: With Application to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Preterm Birth.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Ozone exposure during early pregnancy and preterm birth: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental research · 2021Pooled it
- Association of Air Pollution and Heat Exposure With Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Stillbirth in the US: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2020Pooled it
- Characteristics of cohort studies of long-term exposure to PMEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2019Pooled it
- Maternal fine particulate matter (PMEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2019Pooled it
- Different exposure levels of fine particulate matter and preterm birth: a meta-analysis based on cohort studies.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2017Pooled it
- The association between fine particulate matter exposure during pregnancy and preterm birth: a meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2015Pooled it
- Air pollution and adverse birth outcomes: a narrative review of epidemiological and mechanistic findings.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2026Review
- Windows of susceptibility to fine particulate matter components for fetal birth weight: a birth cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Air Pollution and Preterm Birth: A Scoping Review Focused on Preterm Birth Phenotype and Specific Lengths of Gestation.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Tobacco retailer density and its association with birth outcomes in the USA: 2000-2016.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Article
- Household cooking fuel use and risk of adverse birth outcomes: a prospective follow-up study in eastern Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Air pollution and fertility potential: evidence from employed women in China.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Patterns and disparities in indoor particulate matter levels in selected primary schools in Kigali, Rwanda.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Prenatal PMToxics · 2024Review
- Advancing Health Equity through 15-min Cities and Chrono-urbanism.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Review
- Association of perceived neighborhood air quality problems with attempt to quit cigarette smoking: a cross-sectional study in Texas.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Exploring the association between atmospheric pollutants and preterm birth risk in a river valley city.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAir pollution has been shown to have adverse effects on many health outcomes including cardiorespiratory diseases and cancer. However, evidence on the effects of prenatal exposure is still limited. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study is to evaluate the effects of prenatal exposure to air pollutants including particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) on the risk of adverse birth outcomes (ABOs) including term low birth weight (LBW), preterm delivery (PTD) and very PTD (VPTD).
methodssingleton births from 2004 to 2005 in Florida were included in the study (N=423,719). Trimester-specific exposures to O3 and PM2.5 at maternal residence at delivery were estimated using the National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network data, which were interpolated using Hierarchical Bayesian models.
resultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders such as demographics, medical and lifestyle factors PM2.5 exposures in all trimesters were found to be significantly and positively associated with the risk of all ABOs. Second-trimester exposure had the strongest effects. For an interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 during the second trimester, the risk of term LBW, PTD and VPTD increased by 3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1-6%)], 12% (11-14%) and 22% (18-25%), respectively. O3 was also found to be positively associated with PTD and VPTD with the strongest effects over the whole pregnancy period [3% (1-5%) for PTD and 13% (7-19%) for VPTD for each IQR increase]. However, O3 was observed to have protective effects on term LBW. Results were consistent for multi-pollutant models.
conclusionPM2.5 has consistent adverse effects on ABOs whereas O3 has inconsistent effects. These findings warrant further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.