Trial reportJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2014
TLR-mediated inflammatory responses to Streptococcus pneumoniae are highly dependent on surface expression of bacterial lipoproteins.
Trial report in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunomodulatory activity of pidotimod administered with standard antibiotic therapy in children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia.Journal of translational medicine · 2015Trial
- Synergetic attenuated inflammatory response and increased apoptosis confer high pathogenicity ofVirulence · 2026Article
- Pneumococcal membrane particles promote serotype-independent cellular and humoral immunity and protect against pneumococcal colonization.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The role of soluble toll-like receptor-2 and 4 in children with pneumonia: a combined analysis of saliva and serum samples.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of bacterial host-to-host transmission.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Lipoprotein Signal Peptide as Adjuvants: Leveraging Lipobox-Driven TLR2 Activation in Modern Vaccine Design.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanisms of streptococcal disruption of the blood-brain barrier and their pathogenic role in bacterial meningitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- Bacterial surface lipoproteins mediate epithelial microinvasion byInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Interactions of Gram-Positive Bacterial Membrane Vesicles and Hosts: Updates and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Lipidation of pneumococcal proteins enables activation of human antigen-presenting cells and initiation of an adaptive immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Human IgMInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Macrolides Decrease the Proinflammatory Activity of Macrolide-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Acute organ injury and long-term sequelae of severe pneumococcal infections.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2023Review
- Role of toll-like receptors and nod-like receptors in acute lung infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- An update on our understanding of Gram-positive bacterial membrane vesicles: discovery, functions, and applications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Bacterial Species Associated with Highly Allergenic Plant Pollen Yield a High Level of Endotoxins and Induce Chemokine and Cytokine Release from Human A549 Cells.Inflammation · 2022Article
- The subversion of toll-like receptor signaling by bacterial and viral proteases during the development of infectious diseases.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2022Review
- Pneumolysin suppresses the initial macrophage pro-inflammatory response to Streptococcus pneumoniae.Immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae infections induce inflammatory responses that contribute toward both disease pathogenesis and immunity, but the host-pathogen interactions that mediate these effects are poorly defined. We used the surface lipoprotein-deficient ∆lgt pneumococcal mutant strain to test the hypothesis that lipoproteins are key determinants of TLR-mediated immune responses to S. pneumoniae. We show using reporter assays that TLR2 signaling is dependent on pneumococcal lipoproteins, and that macrophage NF-κB activation and TNF-α release were reduced in response to the ∆lgt strain. Differences in TNF-α responses between Δlgt and wild-type bacteria were abrogated for macrophages from TLR2- but not TLR4-deficient mice. Transcriptional profiling of human macrophages revealed attenuated TLR2-associated responses to ∆lgt S. pneumoniae, comprising many NF-κB-regulated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes. Importantly, non-TLR2-associated responses were preserved. Experiments using leukocytes from IL-1R-associated kinase-4-deficient patients and a mouse pneumonia model confirmed that proinflammatory responses were lipoprotein dependent. Our data suggest that leukocyte responses to bacterial lipoproteins are required for TLR2- and IL-1R-associated kinase-4-mediated inflammatory responses to S. pneumoniae.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.