ArticlePloS one2014
Population-based passive tick surveillance and detection of expanding foci of blacklegged ticks Ixodes scapularis and the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi in Ontario, Canada.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Human pathogens associated with the blacklegged tick Ixodes scapularis: a systematic review.Parasites & vectors · 2016Pooled it
- The Accuracy of Diagnostic Tests for Lyme Disease in Humans, A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of North American Research.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Assessing the Effectiveness of Crowdsourced Data to Detect Established Tick Populations in Quebec, Canada: Retrospective Ecological Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- Community-engaged passive tick surveillance highlights the diversity of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in Illinois.PloS one · 2026Article
- Spatial and temporal analyses of Dermacentor variabilis (Say) (Acari: Ixodidae) in central and eastern Canada.Medical and veterinary entomology · 2025Article
- Historical Summary of Tick and Animal Surveillance Studies for Lyme Disease in Canada, 1975-2023: A Scoping Review.Zoonoses and public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Age- and Sex-Specific Differences in Lyme Disease Health-Related Behaviors, Ontario, Canada, 2015-2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Whole-genome sequencing of Western CanadianMicrobial genomics · 2024Article
- Comparison of acarological risk metrics derived from active and passive surveillance and their concordance with tick-borne disease incidence.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Epidemiology of ticks submitted from human hosts in Alberta, Canada (2000-2019).Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Review
- American dog ticks along their expanding range edge in Ontario, Canada.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Modeling Geographic Uncertainty in Current and Future Habitat for Potential Populations of Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Alaska.Journal of medical entomology · 2022Article
- Surveillance forCanada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2022Article
- Article
- A Computer Vision Approach to Identifying Ticks Related to Lyme Disease.IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine · 2022Article
- Monitoring Risk: Tick andPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Evaluation of 2 ELISAs to determineJournal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2021Article
- Ticks infesting dogs and cats in North America: Biology, geographic distribution, and pathogen transmission.Veterinary parasitology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We identified ticks submitted by the public from 2008 through 2012 in Ontario, Canada, and tested blacklegged ticks Ixodes scapularis for Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Among the 18 species of ticks identified, I. scapularis, Dermacentor variabilis, Ixodes cookei and Amblyomma americanum represented 98.1% of the 14,369 ticks submitted. Rates of blacklegged tick submission per 100,000 population were highest in Ontario's Eastern region; D. variabilis in Central West and Eastern regions; I. cookei in Eastern and South West regions; and A. americanum had a scattered distribution. Rates of blacklegged tick submission per 100,000 population were highest from children (0-9 years old) and older adults (55-74 years old). In two health units in the Eastern region (i.e., Leeds, Grenville & Lanark District and Kingston-Frontenac and Lennox & Addington), the rate of submission for engorged and B. burgdorferi-positive blacklegged ticks was 47× higher than the rest of Ontario. Rate of spread for blacklegged ticks was relatively faster and across a larger geographic area along the northern shore of Lake Ontario/St. Lawrence River, compared with slower spread from isolated populations along the northern shore of Lake Erie. The infection prevalence of B. burgdorferi in blacklegged ticks increased in Ontario over the study period from 8.4% in 2008 to 19.1% in 2012. The prevalence of B. burgdorferi-positive blacklegged ticks increased yearly during the surveillance period and, while increases were not uniform across all regions, increases were greatest in the Central West region, followed by Eastern and South West regions. The overall infection prevalence of A. phagocytophilum in blacklegged ticks was 0.3%. This study provides essential information on ticks of medical importance in Ontario, and identifies demographic and geographic areas for focused public education on the prevention of tick bites and tick-borne diseases.
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