Observational studyAddiction (Abingdon, England)2015
The impact of the tobacco retail outlet environment on adult cessation and differences by neighborhood poverty.
Observational study in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04279483 (Geo Smoking Study and Neural and Geospatial Examination of Smokers' Exposure to Retail Environments), which is not on this map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Geo Smoking Study and Neural and Geospatial Examination of Smokers' Exposure to Retail Environments
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed.
- Child Salivary Cotinine Levels Related to Neighborhood Deprivation and Tobacco and Alcohol Retail Outlets.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Using Ecological Momentary Assessment, Geolocation Tracking, and Neuroimaging to Assess Effects of Tobacco Retail Exposure on Smoking Behavior: Protocol for the GeoSmoking Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Residential segregation, housing cost, and smoking behaviors in Black Americans.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Community Awareness-Raising to Support Tobacco Policy: Results from an App-Based Photo-Mapping Activity with College Students.Journal of community health · 2025Article
- Naturalistic Tobacco Retail Exposure and Smoking Outcomes in Adults Who Smoke Cigarettes Daily.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Rethinking Smoking and Quitting in Low-Income Contexts: A Qualitative Analysis with Implications for Practice and Policy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- A Longitudinal Ecologic Analysis of Neighborhood-Level Social Inequalities in Health in Texas.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Tobacco retailer density and rurality across four US states: California, Connecticut, North Carolina, and Ohio.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
- Exploring the social context of smoking behaviours: insights from stop-smoking advisors in deprived communities in Northwest of England UK.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Multi-Level Influences of Smoke-Free Policies in Subsidized Housing: Applying the COM-B Model and Neighborhood Assessments to Inform Smoke-Free Policies.Health promotion practice · 2025Article
- Modeling the Effects of Policies that Restrict Tobacco Retail Outlets on Prenatal Smoke Exposure and Perinatal Health Care Utilization.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024Article
- Impact and Equity of New York City's Tobacco Retail Reduction Initiative.American journal of preventive medicine · 2024Article
- A longitudinal analysis of the impact of the local tobacco retail availability and neighbourhood deprivation on male smoking behaviours in Shanghai, China.Health & place · 2024Article
- Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigation.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Article
- Tobacco retail availability and cigarette and e-cigarette use among youth and adults: a scoping review.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- A Cross-sectional Analysis of Socio-spatial Patterning of Tobacco Retail in Shanghai, China.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Article
- Tobacco Retail Outlets, Neighborhood Deprivation and the Risk of Prenatal Smoke Exposure.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Article
- Draining the tobacco swamps: Shaping the built environment to reduce tobacco retailer proximity to residents in 30 big US cities.Health & place · 2022Article
- Reducing Exposure to Tobacco Retailers with Residential Zoning Policy: Insights from a Geospatial Analysis of Wilmington, Delaware.Cities & health · 2022Article
- Data science for pedestrian and high street retailing as a framework for advancing urban informatics to individual scales.Urban informatics · 2022Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsThis study examined the impact of tobacco retail outlets on cessation outcomes over time among non-treatment-seeking smokers and assessed differences by neighborhood poverty and individual factors.
designObservational longitudinal cohort study using geospatial data. We used generalized estimating equations to examine cessation outcomes in relation to the proximity and density of tobacco retail outlets near the home.
settingEight large Designated Media Areas across the United States.
participantsA total of 2377 baseline smokers followed over three waves from 2008 to 2010. MEASUREMENTS: Outlet addresses were identified through North American Industry Classification System codes and proximity and density measures were constructed for each participant at each wave. Outcomes included past 30-day abstinence and pro-cessation attitudes.
findingsSmokers in high poverty census tracts living between 500 m and 1.9 km from an outlet were over two times more likely to be abstinent than those living fewer than 500 m from an outlet (P < 0.05). Density within 500 m of home was associated with reduced abstinence [odds ratio (OR) = 0.94; confidence interval (CI) = 0.90, 0.98) and lower pro-cessation attitudes (Coeff = -0.07, CI = -0.10, -0.03) only in high poverty areas. In low poverty areas, density within 500 m was associated with greater pro-cessation attitudes (OR = 0.06; CI = 0.01, 0.12). Gender, education and heaviness of smoking did not moderate the impact of outlet proximity and density on cessation outcomes.
conclusionsIn the United States, density of tobacco outlets within 500 m of the home residence appears to be negatively associated with smoking abstinence and pro-cessation attitudes only in poor areas.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.