Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25168450›Full record

ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2015

Probucol release from novel multicompartmental microcapsules for the oral targeted delivery in type 2 diabetes.

Armin Mooranian, Rebecca Negrulj, Hesham S Al-Sallami, Zhongxiang Fang, Momir Mikov, Svetlana Golocorbin-Kon, Marc Fakhoury, Gerald F Watts, Vance Matthews, Frank Arfuso and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Armin MooranianBiotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Rebecca Negrulj
Hesham S Al-Sallami
Zhongxiang Fang
Momir Mikov
Svetlana Golocorbin-Kon
Marc Fakhoury
Gerald F Watts
Vance Matthews
Frank Arfuso
Amanda Lambros
Hani Al-Salami

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In previous studies, we developed and characterised multicompartmental microcapsules as a platform for the targeted oral delivery of lipophilic drugs in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We also designed a new microencapsulated formulation of probucol-sodium alginate (PB-SA), with good structural properties and excipient compatibility. The aim of this study was to examine the stability and pH-dependent targeted release of the microcapsules at various pH values and different temperatures. Microencapsulation was carried out using a Büchi-based microencapsulating system developed in our laboratory. Using SA polymer, two formulations were prepared: empty SA microcapsules (SA, control) and loaded SA microcapsules (PB-SA, test), at a constant ratio (1:30), respectively. Microcapsules were examined for drug content, zeta potential, size, morphology and swelling characteristics and PB release characteristics at pH 1.5, 3, 6 and 7.8. The production yield and microencapsulation efficiency were also determined. PB-SA microcapsules had 2.6 ± 0.25% PB content, and zeta potential of -66 ± 1.6%, suggesting good stability. They showed spherical and uniform morphology and significantly higher swelling at pH 7.8 at both 25 and 37°C (p < 0.05). The microcapsules showed multiphasic release properties at pH 7.8. The production yield and microencapsulation efficiency were high (85 ± 5 and 92 ± 2%, respectively). The PB-SA microcapsules exhibited distal gastrointestinal tract targeted delivery with a multiphasic release pattern and with good stability and uniformity. However, the release of PB from the microcapsules was not controlled, suggesting uneven distribution of the drug within the microcapsules.

Indexed as

Administration, OralAnticholesteremic AgentsBody FluidsCapsulesDelayed-Action PreparationsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2DiffusionDrug CompoundingDrug StabilityHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationProbucolTemperatureAnticholesteremic AgentsCapsulesDelayed-Action PreparationsProbucol

Identifiers

PMID25168450
PMCPMC4309805

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.