Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25168334›Full record

ArticleHuman mutation2014

Three different cone opsin gene array mutational mechanisms with genotype-phenotype correlation and functional investigation of cone opsin variants.

Jessica C Gardner, Gerald Liew, Ying-Hua Quan, Burcu Ermetal, Hisao Ueyama, Alice E Davidson, Nele Schwarz, Naheed Kanuga, Ravinder Chana, Eamonn R Maher and 9 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human mutation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Case series: The value of fundus autofluorescence in inherited macular disease.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Revisiting the Trans-Ancestry Genetic Correlation of Refractive Error.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. S-cone contribution to oscillatory potentials in patients with blue cone monochromacy.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2024
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Foveal Cone Structure in Patients With Blue Cone Monochromacy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022
    Article
  18. The landscape of submicroscopic structural variants at theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  19. NovelInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Article
  20. Insight fromGenes · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Jessica C GardnerUCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK.
Gerald Liew
Ying-Hua Quan
Burcu Ermetal
Hisao Ueyama
Alice E Davidson
Nele Schwarz
Naheed Kanuga
Ravinder Chana
Eamonn R Maher
Andrew R Webster
Graham E Holder
Anthony G Robson
Michael E Cheetham
Jan Liebelt
Jonathan B Ruddle
Anthony T Moore
Michel Michaelides
Alison J Hardcastle
University College London · GBMoorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust · GBCentre for Eye Research Australia · AUShiga University of Medical Science · JPUniversity of Birmingham · GBWomen's and Children's Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mutations in the OPN1LW (L-) and OPN1MW (M-)cone opsin genes underlie a spectrum of cone photoreceptor defects from stationary loss of color vision to progressive retinal degeneration. Genotypes of 22 families with a range of cone disorders were grouped into three classes: deletions of the locus control region (LCR); missense mutation (p.Cys203Arg) in an L-/M-hybrid gene; and exon 3 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) interchange haplotypes in an otherwise normal gene array. Moderate-to-high myopia was observed in all mutation categories. Individuals with LCR deletions or p.Cys203Arg mutations were more likely to have nystagmus and poor vision, with disease progression in some p.Cys203Arg patients. Three disease-associated exon 3 SNP haplotypes encoding LIAVA, LVAVA, or MIAVA were identified in our cohort. These patients were less likely to have nystagmus but more likely to show progression, with all patients over the age of 40 years having marked macular abnormalities. Previously, the haplotype LIAVA has been shown to result in exon 3 skipping. Here, we show that haplotypes LVAVA and MIAVA also result in aberrant splicing, with a residual low level of correctly spliced cone opsin. The OPN1LW/OPN1MW:c.532A>G SNP, common to all three disease-associated haplotypes, appears to be principally responsible for this mutational mechanism.

Indexed as

Genetic Association StudiesGenotypeMutationPhenotypeAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAmino Acid SubstitutionChildChild, PreschoolCone OpsinsGene OrderGene SilencingGenetic Diseases, X-LinkedHaplotypesCone Opsinsblue cone monochromacycone dystrophyOPN1LWOPN1MWopsinsplicing

Identifiers

PMID25168334
PMCPMC4285181
OpenAlexW2116162621

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.