ArticlePloS one2014
Expression of xenobiotic metabolizing cytochrome P450 genes in a spinosad-resistant Musca domestica L. strain.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel cytochrome P450 gene, CYP12A2, regulates reproduction of Mythimna separata by modulating 20E biosynthesis.Pest management science · 2026Article
- Investigating the molecular mechanisms of deltamethrin resistance in Musca domestica populations from Saudi Arabia.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Transcriptome analysis of Drosophila suzukii reveals molecular mechanisms conferring pyrethroid and spinosad resistance.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The P450-Monooxygenase Activity and CYP6D1 Expression in the Chlorfenapyr-Resistant Strain ofInsects · 2024Article
- The Molecular Resistance Mechanisms of European Earwigs from Apple Orchards Subjected to Different Management Strategies.Insects · 2023Article
- Specific phytochemicals in floral nectar up-regulate genes involved in longevity regulation and xenobiotic metabolism, extending mosquito life span.Ecology and evolution · 2021Article
- Propoxur resistance associated with insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the housefly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae).Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Esterase-mediated spinosad resistance in house flies Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae).Ecotoxicology (London, England) · 2020Article
- Spinosad resistance affects biological parameters of Musca domestica Linnaeus.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- A Whole Genome Assembly of the Horn Fly,G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Article
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- Resistance to bio-insecticides or how to enhance their sustainability: a review.Frontiers in plant science · 2015Review
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3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSpinosad is important in pest management strategies of multiple insect pests. However, spinosad resistance is emerging in various pest species. Resistance has in some species been associated with alterations of the target-site receptor, but in others P450s seems to be involved. We test the possible importance of nine cytochrome P450 genes in the spinosad-resistant housefly strain 791spin and investigate the influence of spinosad on P450 expression in four other housefly strains.
resultsSignificant differences in P450 expression of the nine P450 genes in the four strains after spinosad treatment were identified in 40% of cases, most of these as induction. The highly expressed CYP4G2 was induced 6.6-fold in the insecticide susceptible WHO-SRS females, but decreased 2-fold in resistant 791spin males. CYP6G4 was constitutively higher expressed in the resistant strain compared to the susceptible strain. Furthermore, CYP6G4 gene expression was increased in susceptible WHO-SRS flies by spinosad while the expression level did not alter significantly in resistant fly strains. Expression of CYP6A1 and male CYP6D3 was constitutively higher in the resistant strain compared to the susceptible. However, in both cases male expression was higher than female expression.
conclusionCYP4G2, CYP6A1, CYP6D3 and CYP6G4 have expressions patterns approaching the expectations of a hypothesized sex specific spinosad resistance gene. CYP4G2 fit requirements of a spinosad resistance gene best, making it the most likely candidate. The overall high expression level of CYP4G2 throughout the strains also indicates importance of this gene. However, the data on 791spin are not conclusive concerning spinosad resistance and small contributions from multiple P450s with different enzymatic capabilities could be speculated to do the job in 791spin. Differential expression of P450s between sexes is more a rule than an exception. Noteworthy differences between spinosad influenced expression of P450 genes between a field population and established laboratory strains were shown.
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