ArticlePeerJ2014
Human hair shaft proteomic profiling: individual differences, site specificity and cuticle analysis.
Article in PeerJ, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ethical Principles, Constraints and Opportunities in Clinical Proteomics.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2021Pooled it
- Proteome of Human Scalp Hair Follicles.Cureus · 2026Article
- Review
- Potential of Proteomics in Forensic Phenotyping: A Focus on Biological Sex Estimation.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Proteomic Analysis of Single Hairs.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Proteins in scalp hair of preschool children.Psych · 2024Article
- Iron Metabolism of the Skin: Recycling versus Release.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Protein profiling of forehead epidermal corneocytes distinguishes frontal fibrosing from androgenetic alopecia.PloS one · 2023Article
- Comparative study of male and female human hair: A microscopic analysis.Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research · 2022Article
- Age-Related Changes in Hair Shaft Protein Profiling and Genetically Variant Peptides.Forensic science international. Genetics · 2020Article
- Hair Proteome Variation at Different Body Locations on Genetically Variant Peptide Detection for Protein-Based Human Identification.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Development of high-performance two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for human hair shaft proteome.PloS one · 2019Article
- Corneocyte proteomics: Applications to skin biology and dermatology.Experimental dermatology · 2018Review
- Studies on the Proteome of Human Hair - Identification of Histones and Deamidated Keratins.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- FineMAV: prioritizing candidate genetic variants driving local adaptations in human populations.Genome biology · 2018Article
- Proteomic analysis of hair shafts from monozygotic twins: Expression profiles and genetically variant peptides.Proteomics · 2017Article
- Updates in the understanding and treatments of skin & hair disorders in women of color.International journal of women's dermatology · 2017Review
- Article
- Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Fetal Skin Reveals Key Genes Related to Hair Follicle Morphogenesis in Cashmere Goats.PloS one · 2016Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hair from different individuals can be distinguished by physical properties. Although some data exist on other species, examination of the individual molecular differences within the human hair shaft has not been thoroughly investigated. Shotgun proteomic analysis revealed considerable variation in profile among samples from Caucasian, African-American, Kenyan and Korean subjects. Within these ethnic groups, prominent keratin proteins served to distinguish individual profiles. Differences between ethnic groups, less marked, relied to a large extent on levels of keratin associated proteins. In samples from Caucasian subjects, hair shafts from axillary, beard, pubic and scalp regions exhibited distinguishable profiles, with the last being most different from the others. Finally, the profile of isolated hair cuticle cells was distinguished from that of total hair shaft by levels of more than 20 proteins, the majority of which were prominent keratins. The cuticle also exhibited relatively high levels of epidermal transglutaminase (TGM3), accounting for its observed low degree of protein extraction by denaturants. In addition to providing insight into hair structure, present findings may lead to improvements in differentiating hair from various ethnic origins and offer an approach to extending use of hair in crime scene evidence for distinguishing among individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.