ArticleInternational orthopaedics2014
A pilot study investigating the histology and growth factor content of human non-union tissue.
Article in International orthopaedics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biological and molecular profile of fracture non-union tissue: A systematic review and an update on current insights.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Bone morphogenetic protein use in spine surgery-complications and outcomes: a systematic review.International orthopaedics · 2016Pooled it
- Atrophic Long-Bone Non-Union: Current Insights into Pathogenesis and Management-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Activation of Wnt signaling in human fracture callus and nonunion tissues.Bone reports · 2024Article
- Bone Healing Gone Wrong: Pathological Fracture Healing and Non-Unions-Overview of Basic and Clinical Aspects and Systematic Review of Risk Factors.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- PTH-Induced Bone Regeneration and Vascular Modulation Are Both Dependent on Endothelial Signaling.Cells · 2022Article
- The Effect of Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking on Bone Healing Following Femoral Fractures in Male Rats.Frontiers in surgery · 2021Article
- [Lentivirus-mediated silencing of P75 neurotrophin receptor combined with nerve growth factor overexpression and transfection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with demineralized bone matrix for heterotopic osteogenesis].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2020Article
- Atrophic nonunion stromal cells form bone and recreate the bone marrow environment in vivo.OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma · 2018Article
- Bone morphogenetic proteins - 7 and - 2 in the treatment of delayed osseous union secondary to bacterial osteitis in a rat model.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2018Article
- Safety study: is there a pathologic IGF-1, PDGF and TGF-β cytokine expression caused by adjunct BMP-7 in tibial and femoral non-union therapy?Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2018Article
- [Research progress of P75 neurotrophin receptor and new idea of nonunion treatment].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2017Review
- Delayed Endothelial Progenitor Cell Therapy Promotes Bone Defect Repair in a Clinically Relevant Rat Model.Stem cells international · 2017Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe reason for the formation of an atrophic non-union is not clear and an altered vascularization as well as a deregulation of endogenous growth factors is hypothesized. To obtain more information, we analysed human non-union tissue regarding the histology and quantity of several growth factors.
methodsTissue from patients with an atrophic non-union (n = 44) or with a healed fracture (n = 13) was analysed. Using histological and immunohistochemical methods the tissue composition was investigated. On the protein level the amount of several growth factors important for bone healing was analysed.
resultsThe tissue composition was very inhomogeneous containing fibrous, cartilaginous and bony tissue. Vessels were present in all investigated samples without a difference between the tissue from non-union and control patients. The growth factor BMP-2 was below the detection limit in all samples, whereas IL-6 and IGF-I were measured only in a few samples of both groups. TGF-ß1, VEGF-A and BMP-4 were detectable in the majority of the samples of both groups with a high variability in the amount but no difference between the groups. The quantity of both growth factors, BMP-7 and PDGF-AB, was significantly lower in the non-union tissue compared to the healed controls.
conclusionThe reduced quantity of BMP-7 and PDGF-AB might be responsible for the impaired healing. Further studies analysing material from more patients and investigating the early healing phases, however, are necessary to obtain further information and consequently improve healing strategies.
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