ArticleBMC genomics2014
Extreme specificity of NCR gene expression in Medicago truncatula.
Article in BMC genomics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation for Agriculture: Predominant Role of Host Plants and Fine-Tuning Regulation.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- BacA(SbmA) importer of legume symbiotic NCR peptides: Protein architecture, function, and evolutionary implications.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Mutations in legume genes that influence symbiosis create a complex selective landscape for rhizobial symbionts.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- Inhibition of rhizobial cheaters by the host Medicago truncatula involves repression of symbiotic functions and induction of defense.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- Mobile gene clusters and coexpressed plant-rhizobium pathways drive partner quality variation in symbiosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Antagonism within mutualism: host control of symbionts through nodule-specific antimicrobial peptides.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Two members of a Nodule-specific Cysteine-Rich (NCR) peptide gene cluster are required for differentiation of rhizobia in Medicago truncatula nodules.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2024Article
- Exploring the role of symbiotic modifier peptidases in the legume - rhizobium symbiosis.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- Novel antimicrobial peptides identified in legume plant,Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Review
- ACurrent issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Comparative Analysis ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- MtEFD and MtEFD2: Two transcription factors with distinct neofunctionalization in symbiotic nodule development.Plant physiology · 2022Article
- Plant circadian clock control of Medicago truncatula nodulation via regulation of nodule cysteine-rich peptides.Journal of experimental botany · 2022Article
- The chromosome-level genome assembly ofPlant communications · 2022Article
- Comparison of structural variants in the whole genome sequences of two Medicago truncatula ecotypes: Jemalong A17 and R108.BMC plant biology · 2022Article
- Maintaining osmotic balance in legume nodules.Journal of experimental botany · 2022Article
- Varietas Delectat: Exploring Natural Variations in Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis Research.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- A variable gene family encoding nodule-specific cysteine-rich peptides in pea (Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLegumes form root nodules to house nitrogen fixing bacteria of the rhizobium family. The rhizobia are located intracellularly in the symbiotic nodule cells. In the legume Medicago truncatula these cells produce high amounts of Nodule-specific Cysteine-Rich (NCR) peptides which induce differentiation of the rhizobia into enlarged, polyploid and non-cultivable bacterial cells. NCRs are similar to innate immunity antimicrobial peptides. The NCR gene family is extremely large in Medicago with about 600 genes.
resultsHere we used the Medicago truncatula Gene Expression Atlas (MtGEA) and other published microarray data to analyze the expression of 334 NCR genes in 267 different experimental conditions. We find that all but five of these genes are expressed in nodules but in no other plant organ or in response to any other biotic interaction or abiotic stress tested. During symbiosis, none of the genes are induced by Nod factors. The NCR genes are activated in successive waves during nodule organogenesis, correlated with bacterial infection of the nodule cells and with a specific spatial localization of their transcripts from the apical to the proximal nodule zones. However, NCR expression is not associated with nodule senescence. According to their Shannon entropy, a measure expressing tissue specificity of gene expression, the NCR genes are among the most specifically expressed genes in M. truncatula. Moreover, when activated in nodules, their expression level is among the highest of all genes.
conclusionsTogether, these data show that the NCR gene expression is subject to an extreme tight regulation and is only activated during nodule organogenesis in the polyploid symbiotic cells.
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