Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25151568›Full record

ReviewInfectious disease clinics of North America2014

Update on opportunistic infections in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy.

Brian C Zanoni, Rajesh T Gandhi

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Infectious disease clinics of North America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Fulminant Yersinia Pestis Infection in a Known HIV-Positive Patient: A Case Report of Identification in Nigeria 2024.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Effect ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022
    Article
  6. Review
  7. A Rare Case of SplenicCase reports in gastrointestinal medicine · 2020
    Article
  8. Diagnostic Difficulties in a Severely Ill HIV Patient with Multiple Superinfections - A Case Report.Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din Targu-Mures) · 2019
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Macrophage Polarization in Virus-Host Interactions.Journal of clinical & cellular immunology · 2015
    Article
  15. Human T-Cell Development and Thymic Egress: An Infectious Disease Perspective.Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics · 2015
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Brian C ZanoniInfectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, GRJ 504, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Rajesh T GandhiHarvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Infectious Diseases Division and Ragon Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, GRJ 504, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: RGANDHI@mgh.harvard.edu.
Harvard University · US

Funding

The impact of HIV viral diversity and cellular immunity on HIV pathogenesisP30AI060354 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI ROBERT A. PARKER · 2004 to 2026
$94.4M
Harvard Medical School Vaccine Clinical Trials UnitUM1AI069412 · NIAID · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI Lindsey Robert Baden, Daniel R. Kuritzkes · 2012 to 2026
$57.2M
Harvard Medical School Vaccine Clinical Trials UnitU01AI069412 · NIAID · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI DOLIN, RAPHAEL · 2007 to 2011
$5.4M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI060354NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI069412
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite enormous improvements in effectiveness of treatment for HIV infection, opportunistic infections continue to occur in those who have not yet been diagnosed with HIV and in those who are not receiving antiretroviral therapy. This review focuses on tuberculosis and cryptococcal infections, the most common opportunistic infections (OIs) in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus infection around the world, as well as on new developments in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and pneumocystis pneumonia. In the sections on these conditions, updates on diagnosis, treatment, and complications, as well as information on when to start antiretroviral therapy is provided. The article concludes with a discussion of new data on 2 vaccine-preventable OIs, human papillomavirus and varicella-zoster virus.

Indexed as

AIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAnti-Retroviral AgentsAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveCryptococcosisHerpes ZosterHIV InfectionsHumansLeukoencephalopathy, Progressive MultifocalPapillomavirus InfectionsPneumonia, PneumocystisTuberculosisAnti-Retroviral AgentsAntiretroviral therapyDiagnosticsHIVOpportunistic infections

Identifiers

PMID25151568
PMCPMC4143780
OpenAlexW2022509003

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.