ArticleBMC cancer2014
MMP-9 expression varies according to molecular subtypes of breast cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 188 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic values of tumoral MMP2 and MMP9 overexpression in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2021Pooled it
- Association between four MMP-9 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2015Pooled it
- Randomized, open-label, phase 2 study of andecaliximab plus nivolumab versus nivolumab alone in advanced gastric cancer identifies biomarkers associated with survival.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Trial
- Significance of MMP-9 and VEGF-C expression in North Indian women with breast cancer diagnosis.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2019Trial
- MMP8 and MMP9 gene polymorphisms were associated with breast cancer risk in a Chinese Han population.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Matrix metalloproteinase-guided targeting of vesicular stomatitis virus to tumors following systemic administration.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Turning off methylglyoxal stress: an alternative approach to inhibit MDSC expansion and metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- TBXA2R activates ERMs to drive motility, invasion, and metastatic colonization of TNBC cells.Life science alliance · 2026Article
- Article
- Advances in Targeting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps as a Promising Approach for Breast Cancer Treatment.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2026Review
- 3D In Vitro Models of Breast Cancer: Current Challenges and Future Prospects Toward Recapitulating the Microenvironment and Mimicking Key Processes.Advanced biology · 2025Review
- Recombinant Protein Spectral Library (rPSL) DIA-MS method improves identification and quantification of low-abundance cancer-associated and kynurenine pathway proteins.Communications chemistry · 2025Article
- Matrix metalloproteinase-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition: implications in health and disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Predicts Intraoperative Experience and Extent of Resection in Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Trogocytosis at the crossroad of cancer and immunity: mechanisms, implications and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Matrix Metalloproteinase-9: A Key Diagnostic Biomarker in Cancer Progression.Current drug targets · 2025Review
- Insights into the Emerging Therapeutic Targets of Triple-negative Breast Cancer.Current cancer drug targets · 2025Review
- circDENND4C serves as a sponge for miR-200b to drive non-small cell lung cancer advancement by regulating MMP-9 expression.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- A Competition-Based Strategy for the Isolation of an Anti-Idiotypic Blocking Module and Fine-Tuning for Conditional Activation of a Therapeutic Antibody.Biotechnology journal · 2024Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn 2014, breast cancer remains a major cause of mortality worldwide mostly due to tumor relapse and metastasis. There is currently a great interest in identifying cancer biomarkers and signalling pathways mechanistically related to breast cancer progression. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a member of matrix degrading enzymes involved in cancer development, invasion and metastasis. Our objective was to investigate MMP-9 expression in normal human breast tissue and to compare it to that of breast cancer of various histological grades and molecular subtypes. We also sought to correlate MMP-9 expression with the incidence of metastasis, survival rates and relapse in breast cancer patients.
methodsMMP-9 was first studied using in silico analysis on available DNA microarray and RNA sequencing data of human breast cancer tissues and human breast cancer cell lines. We next ascertained MMP-9 expression in both normal breast tissue and in human breast carcinoma tissue microarrays.
resultsSignificant increase in MMP-9 expression was found in breast cancer cells where compared to normal breast tissue. A positive correlation could also be established between elevated levels of MMP-9 and breast cancer of high histological grade. Furthermore, our results indicate that not only MMP-9 is differentially expressed between each molecular subset but also, more importantly MMP-9 overexpression revealed itself as a startling feature of triple-negative and HER2-positive breast cancers. Lastly, the clinical relevance of MMP-9 overexpression is strongly supported by its significant association with a higher incidence of metastasis and relapse.
conclusionsDifferential expression of MMP-9 reflects the extent of cellular differentiation in breast cancer cells and is closely related to the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer. Hence, MMP-9 is a promising prognostic biomarker of high-grade breast cancer. In our opinion, MMP-9 expression could help segregate subsets of aggressive breast cancer into clinically meaningful subtypes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.