ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2015
Methylene blue inhibits the asexual development of vivax malaria parasites from a region of increasing chloroquine resistance.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ethanolic Leaf Extract ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Article
- The activity of methylene blue against asexual and sexual stages ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Methylene Blue-Based Combination Therapy with Amodiaquine Prevents Severe Malaria in an Experimental Rodent Model.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Absence of Association between Methylene Blue Reduced Susceptibility and Polymorphisms in 12 Genes Involved in Antimalarial Drug Resistance in AfricanPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Phenothiazinium Dyes Are Active againstBioMed research international · 2019Article
- Ex Vivo Maturation Assay for Testing Antimalarial Sensitivity of Rodent Malaria Parasites.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Reply to "Flow Cytometry for Antimalarial Drug Testing: More than Meets the Eye".Journal of clinical microbiology · 2016Article
- Antifungal Action of Methylene Blue Involves Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Disruption of Redox and Membrane Homeostasis in C. albicans.The open microbiology journal · 2016Article
- Quantification of Plasmodium ex vivo drug susceptibility by flow cytometry.Malaria journal · 2015Article
- Comparison between Flow Cytometry, Microscopy, and Lactate Dehydrogenase-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Plasmodium falciparum Drug Susceptibility Testing under Field Conditions.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2015Article
- Potent Ex Vivo Activity of Naphthoquine and Methylene Blue against Drug-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Plasmodium falciparum susceptibility to standard and potential anti-malarial drugs in Dakar, Senegal, during the 2013-2014 malaria season.Malaria journal · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesMethylene blue, once discarded due to its unsettling yet mild side effects, has now found a renewed place in the pharmacopoeia of modern medicine. The continued spread of drug-resistant Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum has also led to a recent re-examination of methylene blue's potent antimalarial properties. Here we examine the ex vivo susceptibility profile of Plasmodium spp. isolates to methylene blue; the isolates were from a region on the Thai-Myanmar border where there are increasing rates of failure when treating vivax malaria with chloroquine.
methodsTo do this we used a newly developed ex vivo susceptibility assay utilizing flow cytometry and a portable flow cytometer with a near-UV laser.
resultsP. vivax (median methylene blue IC50 3.1 nM, IQR 1.7-4.3 nM) and P. falciparum (median methylene blue IC50 1.8 nM, IQR 1.6-2.3 nM) are susceptible to methylene blue treatment at physiologically relevant levels. Unfortunately, the addition of chloroquine to combination treatments with methylene blue significantly reduces the ex vivo effectiveness of this molecule.
conclusionsOur data support further efforts to employ methylene blue as a safe, low-cost antimalarial to treat drug-resistant malaria.
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