ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2014
Breast cancer risk after exposure to perfluorinated compounds in Danish women: a case-control study nested in the Danish National Birth Cohort.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Review of Biomonitoring for Atrazine and Atrazine Metabolites Using Blood, Urine, and Sweat-Based Assays.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Pooled it
- Per- And Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Exposure and Risk of Breast, and Female Genital Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.La Medicina del lavoro · 2024Pooled it
- Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- Environmental exposures and breast cancer risk in the context of underlying susceptibility: A systematic review of the epidemiological literature.Environmental research · 2020Pooled it
- Breast cancer and persistent organic pollutants (excluding DDT): a systematic literature review.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2016Pooled it
- Endocrine Disruptors and Gynecological Malignancies.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Design Principles for PFAS Adsorption in Three-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks.The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces · 2026Article
- Associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), DNA methylation and gene expression from background exposed Norwegian women (2003-2006).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Multifaceted mechanisms by which environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals promote cancer progression: crosstalk among carcinogenesis, immunity, and metabolic reprogramming: narrative mini-review.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Sex-dependent relationships between PFAS and placental transcriptomics identified by weighted gene co-expression analysis.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Review
- Associations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with terminal ductal lobular unit involution of the normal breast.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and microRNA: An epigenome-wide association study in firefighters.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Association of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances with Pan-Cancers Associated with Sex Hormones.Toxics · 2025Article
- Analyzing the potential targets and mechanism of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on breast cancer by integrating network toxicology, single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and molecular simulation.Functional & integrative genomics · 2025Article
- Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Related Compounds Induce Nuclear Receptor 4A1 (NR4A1)-Dependent Carcinogenesis.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Article
- Plasma perfluoroalkyl substances and breast cancer risk in Brazilian women: a case-control study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and Cancer risk: results from a dose-response Meta-analysis.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2024Article
- A toxicogenomics-based identification of potential mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in PFCs-induced cancer in human.Toxicology research · 2024Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAnimal studies have indicated that perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) increase mammary fibroadenomas. A recent case-control study in Greenlandic Inuit women showed an association between the PFAS serum levels and breast cancer (BC) risk. The present study evaluates the association between serum levels of PFAS in pregnant Danish women and the risk of premenopausal BC during a follow-up period of 10-15 years using prospectively collected exposure data during the pregnancy.
methodsQuestionnaire and blood samples were taken during 1996-2002 and at the end of follow-up, all 250 BC cases and 233 frequency-matched controls were chosen for further analyses. Serum levels of ten perfluorocarboxylated acids, five perfluorosulfonated acids, and one sulfonamide (perflurooctane-sulfonamide, PFOSA) were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization in negative mode. Computer-assisted telephone interviews taken during pregnancy provided data on potential confounders.
resultsWeak positive and negative insignificant associations were found between BC risk and levels of perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), respectively. Grouped into quintile, the BC cases had a significant positive association with PFOSA at the highest quintiles and a negatively association for PFHxS. Sensitivity analyses excluding uncertain cases caused stronger data for PFOSA and weaker for PFHxS. No further significant associations were observed.
conclusionsThis study does not provide convincing evidence for a causal link between PFAS exposures and premenopausal BC risks 10-15 years later.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.