ArticleChemical research in toxicology2014
Ginger compound [6]-shogaol and its cysteine-conjugated metabolite (M2) activate Nrf2 in colon epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo.
Article in Chemical research in toxicology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutrition Interventions in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Symptoms during Cancer Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Pooled it
- Phase II Metabolite-Inspired Tripeptide Editing Generates Anti-Inflammatory Candidates for Treatment-Refractory Ulcerative Colitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Discovery of 10-Shogaol fromJournal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026Article
- Gingerol-Enriched Ginger Extract Effects on Anxiety-like Behavior in a Neuropathic Pain Model via Colonic Microbiome-Neuroimmune Modulation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Potential dietary geroprotectors and their impact on key mechanisms of aging.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Eburicoic acid inhibits endothelial cell pyroptosis and retards the development of atherosclerosis through the Keap1/Nrf2/HO‑1/ROS pathway.Molecular medicine reports · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory Potential of 6-Gingerol and 6-Shogaol inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Influence of Diet on the Bioavailability of Active Components fromFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Synthesis of New Shogaol Analogues as NRF2 Activators and Evaluation of Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity, Modes of Action and Metabolic Stability.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Immature ginger reduces triglyceride accumulation by downregulating Acyl CoA carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1 genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Food & nutrition research · 2023Article
- Impact of Sulfur Fumigation on Ginger: Chemical and Biological Evidence.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2022Article
- Polyphenol-Rich Ginger (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Pharmacokinetics of Gingerols, Shogaols, and Their Metabolites in Asthma Patients.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2022Article
- Effects of the Phytochemical Combination PB123 on Nrf2 Activation, Gene Expression, and the Cholesterol Pathway in HepG2 Cells.OBM integrative and complimentary medicine · 2022Article
- Potential Role of Ginger (Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- 6-Shogaol attenuated ethylene glycol and aluminium chloride induced urolithiasis and renal injuries in rodents.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Article
- Covalent Modification of Proteins by Plant-Derived Natural Products: Proteomic Approaches and Biological Impacts.Proteomics · 2021Review
- Seaweed natural products modify the host inflammatory response via Nrf2 signaling and alter colon microbiota composition and gene expression.Free radical biology & medicine · 2020Article
- 6-Shogaol Inhibits Advanced Glycation End-Products-Induced IL-6 and ICAM-1 Expression by Regulating Oxidative Responses in Human Gingival Fibroblasts.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In this study, we identified Nrf2 as a molecular target of [6]-shogaol (6S), a bioactive compound isolated from ginger, in colon epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo. Following 6S treatment of HCT-116 cells, the intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio was initially diminished but was then elevated above the basal level. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) correlated inversely with the GSH/GSSG ratio. Further analysis using gene microarray showed that 6S upregulated the expression of Nrf2 target genes (AKR1B10, FTL, GGTLA4, and HMOX1) in HCT-116 cells. Western blotting confirmed upregulation, phosphorylation, and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein followed by Keap1 decrease and upregulation of Nrf2 target genes (AKR1B10, FTL, GGTLA4, HMOX1, and MT1) and glutathione synthesis genes (GCLC and GCLM). Pretreatment of cells with a specific inhibitor of p38 (SB202190), PI3K (LY294002), or MEK1 (PD098059) attenuated these effects of 6S. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we found that 6S modified multiple cysteine residues of Keap1 protein. In vivo 6S treatment induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation and significantly upregulated the expression of MT1, HMOX1, and GCLC in the colon of wild-type mice but not Nrf2(-/-) mice. Similar to 6S, a cysteine-conjugated metabolite of 6S (M2), which was previously found to be a carrier of 6S in vitro and in vivo, also activated Nrf2. Our data demonstrated that 6S and its cysteine-conjugated metabolite M2 activate Nrf2 in colon epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo through Keap1-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
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Registered trials
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