Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25143069›Full record

ReviewNeuropsychology review2014

How does it STAC up? Revisiting the scaffolding theory of aging and cognition.

Patricia A Reuter-Lorenz, Denise C Park

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Neuropsychology review, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 467 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
467citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04080544 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Cause or Effect: Untangling the Relationship With Amyloid and Tau Deposits to Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease in the Dallas Lifespan Brain Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorNeil M Rofsky, MD, MHARan2019 to 2022Enrolled125ConditionsAlzheimer Disease, Cognitive DeclineArms[18F]AV-1451, Positron Emission Tomography
NCT04913857 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

New Wine in Old Bottle: the Effects of SUDOKU Mind Activation and Revitalizing Training (SMART) Program on Cognitive Function Among People With Mild Cognitive Impairment

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe University of Hong KongRan2020 to 2023Enrolled262ConditionsMild Cognitive ImpairmentArms24-week SUDOKU Training Programme, Control Arm (wait-list)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

467 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

407 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Patricia A Reuter-LorenzDepartment of Psychology, The University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA, parl@umich.edu.
Denise C Park

Funding

Neuroimaging of Dedifferentiation and Memory Across the LifespanR37AG006265 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS · PI PARK, DENISE CORTIS · 2006 to 2016
$8.5M
Working Memory Training, Neural Correlates, and AgingR21AG045460 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI REUTER-LORENZ, PATRICIA A. · 2014 to 2015
$420k
NIA NIH HHS 5R37AG-006265-25NIA NIH HHS R21 AG045460NIA NIH HHS R21 AG045460-01A1NIA NIH HHS R37 AG006265
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

"The Scaffolding Theory of Aging and Cognition (STAC)", proposed in 2009, is a conceptual model of cognitive aging that integrated evidence from structural and functional neuroimaging to explain how the combined effects of adverse and compensatory neural processes produce varying levels of cognitive function. The model made clear and testable predictions about how different brain variables, both structural and functional, were related to cognitive function, focusing on the core construct of compensatory scaffolding. The present paper provides a revised model that integrates new evidence about the aging brain that has emerged since STAC was published 5 years ago. Unlike the original STAC model, STAC-r incorporates life-course factors that serve to enhance or deplete neural resources, thereby influencing the developmental course of brain structure and function, as well as cognition, over time. Life-course factors also influence compensatory processes that are engaged to meet cognitive challenge, and to ameliorate the adverse effects of structural and functional decline. The revised model is discussed in relation to recent lifespan and longitudinal data as well as emerging evidence about the effects of training interventions. STAC-r goes beyond the previous model by combining a life-span approach with a life-course approach to understand and predict cognitive status and rate of cognitive change over time.

Indexed as

AgingAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBrainCognitionHumansLongitudinal StudiesMiddle AgedModels, NeurologicalYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID25143069
PMCPMC4150993

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.