Trial reportBrain injury2015
Are there gender, racial or relationship differences in caregiver task difficulty, depressive symptoms and life changes among stroke family caregivers?
Trial report in Brain injury, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-administered acupressure for symptom management among Chinese family caregivers with caregiver stress: a randomized, wait-list controlled trial.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2016Trial
- Tracking patterns of needs during a telephone follow-up programme for family caregivers of persons with stroke.Disability and rehabilitation · 2016Trial
- Comparing treatment fidelity between study arms of a randomized controlled clinical trial for stroke family caregivers.Clinical rehabilitation · 2016Trial
- Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and Their Correlates Among Caregivers of Patients With Ostomy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Southeastern Iran During 2023-2024.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Differences in patient-centered burdens and economic outcomes based on sociodemographic characteristics and social determinants of health: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Family quality of life after brain injuries: a qualitative study on the perspectives of family members.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Association Between a Family Caregiver's Relationship to Persons With Dementia and Cardiovascular Disease by Race and Ethnicity: A Secondary Analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Data.Western journal of nursing research · 2025Article
- Caregiver Tasks and Life Changes Among Family Caregivers of Stroke Survivors.Journal of gerontological nursing · 2025Article
- Article
- Factors Contributing to Life-Change Adaptation in Family Caregivers of Community-Dwelling Individuals with Acquired Brain Injury.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- "The Impact of Demographic Change on Transfers of Care and Associated Well‑being".Population research and policy review · 2022Article
- Care Recipient Controlling and Manipulative Behavior and Caregiver Depressive Symptoms: The Role of Race, Caregiver Resentment, and Mutual Communal Behavior.The Gerontologist · 2022Article
- Comparison of Psychological Health Problems between Families Living with Stroke Survivors and the General Population in the Community.Chonnam medical journal · 2021Article
- A Validation Study of the Revised Caregiving Burden Instrument in Korean Family Caregivers of Stroke Survivors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Does the Disease of the Person Receiving Care Affect the Emotional State of Non-professional Caregivers?Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- Gender effects on components of burden and depression among dementia caregivers.Aging & mental health · 2018Article
- The impact of an educational intervention in caregiving outcomes in Jordanian caregivers of patients receiving hemodialysis: A single group pre-and-post test.International journal of nursing sciences · 2018Article
- The Impact of Eldercare on Adult Children's Health and Employment in Transitional China.Journal of cross-cultural gerontology · 2017Article
- Well-being of Sibling Caregivers: Effects of Kinship Relationship and Race.The Gerontologist · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine differences in caregiver perceptions of task difficulty, depressive symptoms and life changes based on caregiver characteristics of gender, race and type of relationship to the person with stroke.
methodsA sample of 243 stroke caregivers (females n = 191; males n = 52; non-African Americans n = 184; African Americans n = 59; non-spouses n = 127; spouses n = 116) were interviewed by telephone within 8 weeks of the survivor's discharge to home. Measures included the Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale (OCBS) for task difficulty, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms and Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale (BCOS) for life changes. Three general linear models computed differences in OCBS, PHQ9 and OCBS scores.
resultsSignificant differences were found on the OCBS for females (p < 0.001) and African American spouses (p < 0.048); on the PHQ9 for females (p < 0.001), non-African Americans (p = 0.047), spouses (p = 0.003) and African-American spouses (p = 0.010); and on the BCOS for females (p = 0.008) and non-African Americans (p = 0.033).
conclusionsFindings suggest that female and non-African American stroke caregivers are relatively more likely to experience task difficulty, depressive symptoms and negative life changes as a result of providing care. African American spouses were also at risk. Tailoring interventions based on caregivers' characteristics may improve outcomes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.