Trial reportPain medicine (Malden, Mass.)2014
Operating characteristics of PROMIS four-item depression and anxiety scales in primary care patients with chronic pain.
Trial report in Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04640090 (Effectiveness of a Smartphone Wellness App to Improve Mental Well-being), which is not on this map. Cited by 106 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effectiveness of a Smartphone Wellness App to Improve Mental Well-being: A Pilot Study
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 183 citations in OpenAlex.
- Minimal important change (MIC): a conceptual clarification and systematic review of MIC estimates of PROMIS measures.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2021Pooled it
- Determining the feasibility of self-administered relaxing acupressure for fatigue among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Trial
- Impact of Renal Mass Biopsy on Decision-Making Experience for Clinical T1 Renal Masses.The Journal of urology · 2026Trial
- Smartwatch Use and Physician Well-Being: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Preoperative alcohol interventions for elective surgical patients: Results from a randomized pilot trial.Surgery · 2022Trial
- Acupuncture for chronic pain in adults with sickle cell disease: a mixed-methods pilot study.Acupuncture in medicine : journal of the British Medical Acupuncture Society · 2021Trial
- Emerging Clinical Technology: Application of Machine Learning to Chronic Pain Assessments Based on Emotional Body Maps.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2020Trial
- Reliability and Construct Validity of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Instruments in Women with Fibromyalgia.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2017Trial
- Assessing the feasibility of the Effectiveness of Discontinuing Bisphosphonates trial: a pilot study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Trial
- Perceived function and physical performance are associated with pain and fatigue in women with fibromyalgia.Arthritis research & therapy · 2016Trial
- The bidirectional relationship between sleep complaints and pain: Analysis of data from a randomized trial.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2016Trial
- Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale: Initial Validation in Three Clinical Trials.Psychosomatic medicineTrial
- Comparative performance of the EQ-5D-5L, EQ-HWB, and PROMIS-10 in screening for history of anxiety and depression in the general adult population in 15 countries.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Key determinants for successful lifestyle change to address chronic musculoskeletal pain: The patient's perspective.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- The Association Between the Impact of COVID-19 and Internalizing Problems Among Children and Adolescents with ADHD: The Moderating Role of Parental Anxiety.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Classism, Perceived Stress, and Mental Health Symptoms: Cross-Sectional Evidence from a Census-Matched U.S. Sample.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- More Frequent Empathic Communication by Physical Therapists Is Associated With Improved Outcomes for Low-Impact Chronic Pain.Physical therapy · 2026Article
- Evaluation of an Internet-Delivered Multidisciplinary Pain Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (IMPACT) Program for Individuals Living with Chronic Pain: A Feasibility and Pilot Study.Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2026Article
- Article
- Cancer care coordination determinants of depression in head and neck cancer survivors.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDepression and anxiety are prevalent in patients with chronic pain and adversely affect pain, quality of life, and treatment response. The purpose of this psychometric study was to determine the reliability and validity of the four-item Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) depression and anxiety scales in patients with chronic pain.
designSecondary analysis of data from the Stepped Care to Optimize Pain care Effectiveness study, a randomized clinical trial of optimized analgesic therapy.
settingFive primary care clinics at the Roudebush VA Medical Center (RVAMC) in Indianapolis, Indiana. SUBJECTS: Two hundred forty-four primary care patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
methodsAll patients completed the four-item depression and anxiety scales from the PROMIS 29-item profile, as well as several other validated psychological measures. The minimally important difference (MID) using the standard error of measurement (SEM) was calculated for each scale, and convergent validity was assessed by interscale correlations at baseline and 3 months. Operating characteristics of the PROMIS measures for detecting patients who had probable major depression or were anxiety-disorder screen-positive were calculated.
resultsThe PROMIS scales had good internal reliability, and the MID (as represented by two SEMs) was 2 points for the depression scale and 2.5 points for the anxiety scale. Convergent validity was supported by strong interscale correlations. The optimal screening cutpoint on the 4- to 20-point PROMIS scales appeared to be 8 for both the depression and anxiety scales.
conclusionsThe PROMIS four-item depression and anxiety scales are reasonable options as ultra-brief measures for screening in patients with chronic pain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.