ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2014
Transforming growth factor β--at the centre of systemic sclerosis.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 203 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
203 citing papers in PubMed, 314 citations in OpenAlex.
- Monocytes strongly induce (myo)fibroblast contraction in a 3D skin model to understand inflammation-fibrosis crosstalk.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Enriched Fractions as a Potential Source of Biomarkers for Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (SSc-ILD): A Shotgun Proteomic Exploration Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- High mobility group motif proteins' role in fibrosis, inflammation, and vascular injury in systemic sclerosis.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Network pharmacology and in vivo experimental analysis for validating the antifibrotic potential of Punica granatum leaves against skin scleroderma: the role of oxidative stress, inflammation and TGF-β1/Snail 1/p-Smad 3 signaling pathway.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Integration of bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification reveals the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in silica nanoparticles-induced lung injury.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Molecular imaging of fibroblast activation in systemic sclerosis using [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Inflammation drives TGFβ1 activation via the αvβ6 integrin-mechanotransduction pathway in human skin.iScience · 2026Article
- Transforming growth factor-β1 downregulates tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase expression in human lung fibroblasts.Advances in medical sciences · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of myocardial biopsies reveals metabolic suppression and autophagy activation in systemic sclerosis-associated primary heart involvement.Journal of scleroderma and related disorders · 2026Article
- Pyruvate kinase M2 is elevated in systemic sclerosis and plays a role in its pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A de novo missense variant in MIDEAS results in increased deacetylase activity of the MiDAC HDAC complex causing a neurodevelopmental syndrome.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cellular Therapy for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: New Opportunities for Future Research and Interdisciplinary Collaboration.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Review
- Role of Growth Factors in the Pathogenesis of Systemic-Sclerosis-Associated Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Comparative single-cell and spatial profiling of anti-SSA-positive and anti-centromere-positive Sjögren's disease reveals common and distinct immune activation and fibroblast-mediated inflammation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Fibrotic Disease of the Skin and Lung: Shared Pathways, Environmental Drivers, and Therapeutic Opportunities in a Changing Climate.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Role of progesterone action in inguinal hernia formation via skeletal muscle fibrosis and atrophy.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Review
- New Challenging Systemic Therapies for Juvenile Scleroderma: A Comprehensive Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: an integrative review of recent advances.Journal of rheumatic diseases · 2025Review
- Osteoprotegerin is induced by transforming growth factor-beta 1 and regulates pro-fibrotic responses in human dermal fibroblasts.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2025Article
143 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) has long been implicated in fibrotic diseases, including the multisystem fibrotic disease systemic sclerosis (SSc). Expression of TGF-β-regulated genes in fibrotic skin and lungs of patients with SSc correlates with disease activity, which points to this cytokine as the central mediator of pathogenesis. Patients with SSc often develop pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a particularly lethal complication caused by vascular dysfunction. Several genetic diseases with vascular features related to SSc, such as familial PAH and hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, are caused by mutations in the TGF-β-sensing ALK-1 signalling pathway. These observations suggest that increased TGF-β signalling causes both vascular and fibrotic features of SSc. The question of how latent TGF-β becomes activated in local SSc tissues is, therefore, central to the understanding of SSc. Both TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 can be activated by integrins αvβ6 and αvβ8, whose upregulation in bronchial epithelial cells can activate TGF-β in SSc lungs. Other αv integrins, thrombospondin-1 or altered TGF-β sequestration by matrix proteins might be important in other target tissues. How the immune system triggers this process remains unclear, although links between inflammation and TGF-β activation are emerging. Together, these observations provide an increasingly secure framework for understanding TGF-β in SSc pathogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.