ReviewProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Unleashing the potential of NOD- and Toll-like agonists as vaccine adjuvants.
Review in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 152 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
152 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Immunosenescence: A systems-level overview of immune cell biology and strategies for improving vaccine responses.Experimental gerontology · 2019Pooled it
- Inflammation-related adverse reactions following vaccination potentially indicate a stronger immune response.Emerging microbes & infections · 2021Trial
- Flagellin/NLRC4 Pathway Rescues NLRP3-Inflammasome Defect in Dendritic Cells From HIV-Infected Patients: Perspective for New Adjuvant in Immunocompromised Individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Lymph node-targeted DNA engages TBK1/IFN-I-driven innate immunity to induce potent T cell responses and durable memory in mice and NHPs.Science advances · 2026Article
- Redox Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and its Implications for Immunization-related Neuroinflammation.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Self-destructing attenuated adjuvant Salmonella serves as a safe and potent live vaccine adjuvant.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Reprogramming tumor microenvironment via systemic delivery of TLR3 agonist and manganese nanoparticle.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Preventive Immunology for Livestock and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in the One Health Era: From Mechanistic Insights to Innovative Interventions.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Challenges and opportunities on achieving an adequate delivery efficiency and immunogenicity with peptide-based anticancer vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- Administration of the NOD2 Agonist MDP Reduces Cryptosporidium parvum Infection in Neonatal Mice Through IL-22 Involvement.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Novel Strategies for Developing Next-Generation Vaccines to Combat Infectious Viral Diseases.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Leaf Saponins ofPharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Advances in nanotechnology-enabled adjuvants for peptide-based cancer vaccines.Nano research · 2025Article
- Recent advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- From genetic code to global health: the impact of nucleic acid vaccines on disease prevention and treatment.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- SOAT1 Activates NLRP3 Inflammasome to Promote Cancer-Related Lymphangiogenesis and Metastasis via IL-1β/IL-1R-1 Axis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2025Article
- Immunoprevention of non-viral cancers: challenges and strategies for early intervention.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Adjunctive beneficial effect of c-di-GMP, a STING agonist, in enhancing protective efficacy of TLR4-adjuvanted tuberculosis subunit vaccine formulations.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of probioticFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of dual pathogen recognition receptor agonists as adjuvants for respiratory syncytial virus - virus-like particles for pulmonary delivery.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Innate immunity confers an immediate nonspecific mechanism of microbial recognition through germ line-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Of these, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) have shaped our current understanding of innate regulation of adaptive immunity. It is now recognized that PRRs are paramount in instructing an appropriate adaptive immune response. Their ligands have been the focus of adjuvant research with the goal of generating modern vaccine combinations tailored to specific pathogens. In this review we will highlight the recent findings in the field of adjuvant research with a particular focus on the potential of TLR and NLR ligands as adjuvants and their influence on adaptive immune responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.