Trial reportPediatrics2014
Vaccine message framing and parents' intent to immunize their infants for MMR.
Trial report in Pediatrics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Behavioral interventions for vaccination uptake: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Pooled it
- Nudging toward vaccination: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Vaccinating for My Family or for My Community? The Effect of Message Framing on Parental Intention to Vaccinate during the COVID Pandemic.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Trial
- Say it right: measuring the impact of different communication strategies on the decision to get vaccinated.BMC public health · 2023Trial
- Personal risk or societal benefit? Investigating adults' support for COVID-19 childhood vaccination.Vaccine · 2023Trial
- Virtual reality reduces COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the wild: a randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Parents' and caregivers' views on pediatric meningococcal disease and serogroup B vaccination.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- The AuTOMATIC trial: a multicentre digitally-automated, Bayesian, adaptive, parallel, factorial randomised controlled trial of SMS reminders for childhood vaccination.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Poison, lies, war: A mixed methods content analysis of posts about COVID-19 vaccination on Gab Social.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Parental Factors Associated With Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination in US Children Younger Than 5 Years.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Understanding communication in community engagement for maternal and newborn health programmes in low- and middle-income countries: a realist review.Health policy and planning · 2023Article
- Mothers' intentions to vaccinate their children for COVID-19.AIMS public health · 2023Article
- The effects of short messages encouraging prevention behaviors early in the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2023Article
- Misinformation, infighting, backlash, and an 'endless' recovery; policymakers recount challenges and mitigating measures after a vaccine scare in the Philippines.Global health action · 2022Article
- Overcoming Vaccine Hesitancy for Future COVID-19 and HIV Vaccines: Lessons from Measles and HPV Vaccines.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- An Online Experiment of NHS Information Framing on Mothers' Vaccination Intention of Children against COVID-19.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Flattening the COVID-19 curve: Emotions mediate the effects of a persuasive message on preventive action.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- The effect of herd immunity thresholds on willingness to vaccinate.Humanities & social sciences communications · 2022Article
- Article
- Don't get it or don't spread it: comparing self-interested versus prosocial motivations for COVID-19 prevention behaviors.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveEmphasizing societal benefits of vaccines has been linked to increased vaccination intentions in adults. It is unclear if this pattern holds for parents deciding whether to vaccinate their children. The objective was to determine whether emphasizing the benefits of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination directly to the vaccine recipient or to society differentially impacts parents' vaccine intentions for their infants.
methodsIn a national online survey, parents (N = 802) of infants <12 months old were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 4 MMR vaccine messages: (1) the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Vaccine Information Statement (VIS), (2) VIS and information emphasizing the MMR vaccine's benefits to the child, (3) VIS and information emphasizing societal benefits, or (4) VIS and information emphasizing benefits both to the child and society. Parents reported their likelihood of vaccinating their infants for MMR on a response scale of 0 (extremely unlikely) to 100 (extremely likely).
resultsCompared with the VIS-only group (mean intention = 86.3), parents reported increased vaccine intentions for their infants when receiving additional information emphasizing the MMR vaccine's benefits either directly to the child (mean intention = 91.6, P = .01) or to both the child and society (mean intention = 90.8, P = .03). Emphasizing the MMR vaccine's benefits only to society did not increase intentions (mean intention = 86.4, P = .97).
conclusionsWe did not see increases in parents' MMR vaccine intentions for their infants when societal benefits were emphasized without mention of benefits directly to the child. This finding suggests that providers should emphasize benefits directly to the child. Mentioning societal benefits seems to neither add value to, nor interfere with, information highlighting benefits directly to the child.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.