ArticleAIDS research and human retroviruses2015
Healthy HIV-1-infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy harbor HIV-1 in their alveolar macrophages.
Article in AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- History of tuberculosis is associated with lower exhaled nitric oxide levels in HIV-infected children.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Review
- Greater ambient air pollution exposure is associated with worse respiratory symptoms in men and women with HIV and chronic lung disease: a cohort study.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Pioglitazone Modulates p65-Mediated Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Implications for Acetaldehyde-Induced HIV Replication in Alveolar Macrophages.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Alveolar macrophages from persons with HIV mount impaired TNF signaling networks to M. tuberculosis infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The CLIC/GEEC pathway regulates particle uptake and formation of the virus-containing compartment (VCC) in HIV-1-infected macrophages.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Monocytes across life span in HIV infection: lights and shadows.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Eliminating the persistent HIV reservoir based on biomarker expression - How do we get there?Virology · 2025Review
- Alveolar Macrophages in Viral Respiratory Infections: Sentinels and Saboteurs of Lung Defense.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in People with HIV: an Evidence-Based Review.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- The combination of three CD4-induced antibodies targeting highly conserved Env regions with a small CD4-mimetic achieves potent ADCC activity.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Retinoic acid enhances HIV-1 reverse transcription and transcription in macrophages via mTOR-modulated mechanisms.Cell reports · 2024Article
- The combination of three CD4-induced antibodies targeting highly conserved Env regions with a small CD4-mimetic achieves potent ADCC activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- HIV infection impairs the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by altering surfactant protein D function in the human lung alveolar mucosa.Mucosal immunology · 2024Article
- Paired ATAC- and RNA-seq offer insight into the impact of HIV on alveolar macrophages: a pilot study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- HIV-associated lung disease.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- Article
- DNA ultra-sensitive quantification, a technology for studying HIV unintegrated linear DNA.Cell reports methods · 2023Article
- HIV/Mtb Co-Infection: From the Amplification of Disease Pathogenesis to an "Emerging Syndemic".Microorganisms · 2023Review
- COPD in People with HIV: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Management, and Prevention Strategies.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2023Review
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In a prospective cross-sectional study we quantified HIV viral load within the alveolar macrophage in a cohort of healthy HIV-infected subjects who did not have medical comorbidities or smoke cigarettes to determine if alveolar macrophage proviral DNA was associated with alveolar macrophage phagocytic immune dysfunction. We enrolled 23 subjects who underwent bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage. Alveolar macrophages were isolated and HIV-1 RNA was quantified in the cells using the Abbott RealTime HIV-1 Assay. Proviral DNA was qualitatively measured using a modified version of the HIV-1 RNA assay. Phagocytosis measured by incubating alveolar macrophages with FITC-labeled Staphylococcus aureus and determining fluorescence with a Zeiss inverted microscope. Phagocytic index was calculated as (% positive cells × mean channel fluorescence)/100. Sixteen subjects had (+) proviral DNA and seven had (-) proviral DNA in their alveolar macrophages. Of all subjects 100% in both groups were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The median plasma viral load was 0 in both groups. HIV-1-infected subjects with (+) proviral DNA in their alveolar macrophages had a significantly lower median alveolar macrophage phagocytic index compared to those with (-) proviral DNA in their alveolar macrophages [11.8 (IQR 4.8-39.0) vs. 64.9 (IQR 14.0-166.0), p = 0.05]. Alveolar macrophages harbor HIV even in otherwise healthy subjects with undetectable plasma viral loads, representing a potential reservoir for the virus. In addition, HIV viral replication within the macrophage may impair phagocytosis and other immune functions in the lung, leading to an increased risk for lung infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.