SynthesisPloS one2014
Cost of disorders of the brain in Spain.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- How relevant are social costs in economic evaluations? The case of Alzheimer's disease.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2019Pooled it
- [Social costs of diseases: How relevant are they for economic evaluations?]Revista espanola de salud publica · 2018Pooled it
- The Valuation of Informal Care in Cost-of-Illness Studies: A Systematic Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2017Pooled it
- Efficacy of the unified protocol for the treatment of emotional disorders in the Spanish public mental health system using a group format: study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, non-inferiority controlled trial.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2018Trial
- Trial
- The economic burden of mental health deterioration on Australian households: a longitudinal analysis of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures.Health economics review · 2026Article
- Promoting brain health across the lifespan: Socioeconomic burden, global recommendations, and the Spanish national plan.Neuroscience applied · 2026Article
- Economic impact of steroid-induced comorbidities in severe asthma: a SHARP CRC simulation.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Data harmonization for the analysis of personalized treatment of psychosis with metacognitive training.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neuropsychological Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- An artificial intelligence-based platform for personalized predictions of Metacognitive Training effectiveness.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Economic evaluation of non-pharmacological interventions in Alzheimer's disease.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2025Article
- [Mental health problems among employees: service use and costs to the German healthcare system].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2024Article
- Review of the Brain's Behaviour after Injury and Disease for Its Application in an Agent-Based Model (ABM).Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Is erenumab an efficient alternative for the prevention of episodic and chronic migraine in Spain? Results of a cost-effectiveness analysis.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of a universal personalized intervention for the prevention of anxiety disorders: Protocol of a randomized controlled trial (the prevANS project).Internet interventions · 2023Article
- Review
- Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) and Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS): Adaptation and Validation in Buenos Aires, Argentina.Clinical psychology in Europe · 2023Article
- Sleep Disturbances in At-Risk Mental States and First Episode of Psychosis: A Narrative Review on Interventions.Clocks & sleep · 2023Review
- Cost-utility analysis of the UPRIGHT intervention promoting resilience in adolescents.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBrain disorders represent a high burden in Europe and worldwide. The objective of this study was to provide specific estimates of the economic costs of brain disorders in Spain, based on published epidemiological and economic evidence.
methodsA cost-of-illness study with a societal perspective of 19 brain disorders was carried out. Cost data published between 2004 and 2012 was obtained from a systematic literature review. Direct healthcare, direct non-medical and indirect costs were considered, prioritizing bottom-up information. All costs were converted to Euro and to year 2010. The missing values were imputed with European estimates. Sensitivity analyses based on qualitative assessment of the literature and on a Monte Carlo simulation were performed.
resultsThe review identified 33 articles with information on costs for 11 disorders (8 neurological, 3 mental). The average per-patient cost ranged from 36,946 € for multiple sclerosis to 402 € for headache. The societal cost of the 19 brain disorders in Spain in 2010 was estimated in 84 € billion. Societal costs ranged from 15 € billion for dementia to 65 € million for eating disorders. Mental disorders societal cost were 46 € billions (55% of the total), while neurological disorder added up to 38 € billion. Healthcare costs represented 37% of the societal costs of brain disorders, whereas direct non-medical constituted 29% and indirect costs 33%.
conclusionBrain disorders have a substantial economic impact in Spain (equivalent to almost 8% of the country's GDP). Economic data on several important brain disorders, specially mental disorders, is still sparse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.