ArticleThe primary care companion for CNS disorders2014
Association of hypnotics with stroke risk: a population-based case-control study.
Article in The primary care companion for CNS disorders, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antecedent sedative use is independently associated with stroke occurrence among west Africans: Evidence from the SIREN case-control study.eNeurologicalSci · 2025Article
- Gender differences in spontaneous adverse event reports associated with zolpidem in South Korea, 2015-2019.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Monotherapy of acetylsalicylic acid or warfarin for prevention of ischemic stroke in low-risk atrial fibrillation: A Easter Asian population-based study.Cardiology journal · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to determine what association, if any, hypnotics have on the risk of stroke events.
methodIn a nationwide population-based case-control study, cases were patients with incident stroke diagnosed between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2006. Patients with hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke diagnosis codes (ICD-9-CM codes 430-438) and who had been hospitalized for further treatment were included in the study. Patients with any type of stroke diagnosed before 2006 were excluded. The authors selected 2,779 stroke patients and 27,790 controls matched for age, gender, physician visit date, and comorbidities. The impact of hypnotics on stroke was examined by multiple logistic regression models and sensitivity analyses.
resultsIndividuals prescribed any hypnotic had elevated risk of stroke compared to those prescribed no hypnotics. For groups prescribed 1-27, 28-148, and ≥ 149 pills, odds ratios for stroke were 1.71 (95% CI, 1.49-1.96), 1.84 (95% CI, 1.62-2.11), and 1.45 (95% CI, 1.26-1.68), respectively. Adjusted odds ratios were elevated in separate analyses for zolpidem and estazolam. The observed results were robust with stratification by comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes, and using ischemic stroke as the case group.
conclusionsThis study shows that, in a case-control study matched for age, gender, and comorbidities using multiple logistic regression and sensitivity tests, zolpidem and estazolam were slightly associated with an increased risk of stroke. Further large-scale and in-depth studies should be performed. Use of hypnotics should always be determined by specialists, and adverse effects should be continuously monitored.
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Registered trials
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