Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25132520›Full record

ArticleNMR in biomedicine2014

A pilot validation of multi-echo based echo-planar correlated spectroscopic imaging in human calf muscles.

Jon K Furuyama, Rajakumar Nagarajan, Christian K Roberts, Cathy C Lee, Theodore J Hahn, M Albert Thomas

Open access · greenAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in NMR in biomedicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jon K FuruyamaDepartment of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Rajakumar Nagarajan
Christian K Roberts
Cathy C Lee
Theodore J Hahn
M Albert Thomas
University of California, Los Angeles · USGeriatric Research Education and Clinical Center · USVA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System · US

Funding

Epigenetic and chemical approaches to generate function beta cellsU01DK089565 · NIDDK · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ZHANG, YI · 2010 to 2014
$3.0M
Glycemic Load and Resistance Training on Endothelial Function and InflammationR01DK090406 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI CARPENTER, CATHERINE L, GO, VAY LIANG W · 2011 to 2014
$2.7M
NIDDK NIH HHS 5R01DK090406NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK090406NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK089565
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A current limitation of MR spectroscopic imaging of multiple skeletal muscles is prolonged scan duration. A significant reduction in the total scan duration using the echo-planar correlated spectroscopic imaging (EP-COSI) sequence was accomplished using two bipolar readout trains with different phase-encoded echoes for one of two spatial dimensions within a single repetition time (TR). The second bipolar readout was used for spatially encoding the outer k-space, whereas the first readout was used for the central k-space only. The performance of this novel sequence, called multi-echo based echo-planar correlated spectroscopic imaging (ME-EPCOSI), was demonstrated by localizing specific key features in calf muscles and bone marrow of 11 healthy volunteers and five subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A 3 T MRI-MRS scanner equipped with a transmit-receive extremity coil was used. Localization of the ME-EPCOSI sequence was in good agreement with the earlier single-readout based EP-COSI sequence and the required scan time was reduced by a factor of two. In agreement with an earlier report using single-voxel based 2D MRS, significantly increased unsaturated pools of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) and extramyocellular lipid (EMCL) and decreased IMCL and EMCL unsaturation indices (UIs) were observed in the soleus and tibialis anterior muscle regions of subjects with T2D compared with healthy controls. In addition, significantly decreased choline content was observed in the soleus of T2D subjects compared with healthy controls. Multi-voxel characterization of IMCL and EMCL ratios and UI in the calf muscle may be useful for the non-invasive assessment of altered lipid metabolism in the pathophysiology of T2D.

Indexed as

AdultBone MarrowCholineCreatineDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Echo-Planar ImagingExtracellular FluidHumansIntracellular FluidLipidsMaleMiddle AgedMuscle CellsMuscle, SkeletalPilot ProjectsCholineCreatineLipidscalf musclecholinediabetesintra-myocellular and extra-myocellular lipidsmulti-spin echo, 2D correlated spectroscopyunsaturation index

Identifiers

PMID25132520
PMCPMC4160415
OpenAlexW1905436599

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.