Trial reportChild development
Who benefits most from Head Start? Using latent class moderation to examine differential treatment effects.
Trial report in Child development. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessment of heterogeneous Head Start treatment effects on cognitive and social-emotional outcomes.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Understanding Who Benefits Most from Family-Based Prevention: Differential Intervention Effects for Families with Low Income.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2026Article
- Change in maternal harshness and home environment across early childhood as predictors of autonomic regulation in adolescence in the context of prenatal substance exposure.Child development · 2026Article
- Language Dominance and the School Readiness of Preschool-Age Spanish-English Dual Language Learners.Early education and development · 2025Article
- Do the Effects of Head Start Vary Across Time Based on Children's Exposure to Different Patterns of Childhood Adversity? Differential Intervention Effects Using Latent Profile Analysis and Time-varying Effect Modeling.Children and youth services review · 2024Article
- Family Risk Exposure Profiles During Early Childhood: Developmental Processes and Adolescent Well-Being.Adversity and resilience science · 2023Article
- Profiles of early family environments and the growth of executive function: Maternal sensitivity as a protective factor.Development and psychopathology · 2023Article
- Treatment effect heterogeneity in the head start impact study: A systematic review of study characteristics and findings.SSM - population health · 2021Review
- Can centre-based childcare buffer against the negative effects of family adversity on child socio-emotional wellbeing?European journal of public health · 2021Article
- Individual Differences in Adolescent Coping: Comparing a Community Sample and a Low-SES Sample to Understand Coping in Context.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2021Article
- Personal resource profiles of individuals with chronic pain: Sociodemographic and pain interference differences.Rehabilitation psychology · 2019Article
- A scoping review of mental health prevention and intervention initiatives for infants and preschoolers at risk for socio-emotional difficulties.Systematic reviews · 2019Article
- Who Benefits from Community Mental Health Care? Using Latent Profile Analysis to Identify Differential Treatment Outcomes for Youth.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2018Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Young Adult Health Outcomes Among Youth Aging Out of Foster Care.Academic pediatrics · 2018Article
- What Doesn't Work for Whom? Exploring Heterogeneity in Responsiveness to the Family Check-Up in Early Childhood Using a Mixture Model Approach.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2017Article
- A contextual model of self-regulation change mechanisms among individuals with addictive disorders.Clinical psychology review · 2017Review
- ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AMONG YOUTH AGING OUT OF FOSTER CARE: A LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS.Children and youth services review · 2017Article
- Latent Class Analysis for Developmental Research.Child development perspectives · 2016Article
- Differential Effectiveness of Head Start in Urban and Rural Communities.Journal of applied developmental psychologyArticle
- Dual language supports for dual language learners? Exploring preschool classroom instructional supports for DLLs' early learning outcomes.Early childhood research quarterlyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Head Start (HS) is the largest federally funded preschool program for disadvantaged children. Research has shown relatively small impacts on cognitive and social skills; therefore, some have questioned its effectiveness. Using data from the Head Start Impact Study (3-year-old cohort; N = 2,449), latent class analysis was used to (a) identify subgroups of children defined by baseline characteristics of their home environment and caregiver and (b) test whether the effects of HS on cognitive, and behavioral and relationship skills over 2 years differed across subgroups. The results suggest that the effectiveness of HS varies quite substantially. For some children there appears to be a significant, and in some cases, long-term, positive impact. For others there is little to no effect.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.