ArticleLife sciences2014
Exercise decreases speedball self-administration.
Article in Life sciences, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of exercise interventions on substance-use outcomes: A meta-analytic and systematic review.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of sex, species, environmental context, and alternative reinforcers in animal models of cocaine use disorders.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2025Review
- Using miniscopes and deep learning to compare neurobehavioral representations of psychostimulant and opioid self-administration.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
- Enhancing translation: A need to leverage complex preclinical models of addictive drugs to accelerate substance use treatment options.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2024Review
- Oxycodone withdrawal is associated with increased cocaine self-administration and aberrant accumbens glutamate plasticity in rats.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Voluntary wheel running access produces opposite effects in male and female rats on both palatable diet consumption and associated ventral striatal opioid- and dopamine-related gene expression.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2024Article
- Physical inactivity during adolescence heightens risk for cannabis use disorder in adulthood.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Impact of high-access exercise prior to and during early adolescence on later vulnerability to opioid use and relapse in male rats.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders.Journal of neuroscience research · 2022Review
- Application of dose-addition analyses to characterize the abuse-related effects of drug mixtures.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2022Review
- Exercise against cocaine sensitization in mice: a [Brain communications · 2022Article
- Chronic forced exercise inhibits stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine conditioned place preference.Behavioural brain research · 2018Article
- Resistance exercise decreases heroin self-administration and alters gene expression in the nucleus accumbens of heroin-exposed rats.Psychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Exercise as a Prevention for Substance Use Disorder: A Review of Sex Differences and Neurobiological Mechanisms.Current addiction reports · 2017Article
- Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.Behavioural brain research · 2017Article
- The effects of social contact on cocaine intake in female rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Article
- Sensitive periods of substance abuse: Early risk for the transition to dependence.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2017Review
- Physical Exercise Interventions for Drug Addictive Disorders.Journal of reward deficiency syndrome and addiction science · 2017Article
- The effects of sex, estrous cycle, and social contact on cocaine and heroin self-administration in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2016Article
- The effects of resistance exercise on cocaine self-administration, muscle hypertrophy, and BDNF expression in the nucleus accumbens.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsEpidemiological studies report that individuals who exercise are less likely to abuse drugs. Preclinical studies report that exercise, in the form of treadmill or wheel running, reliably decreases the self-administration of psychomotor stimulants and opioids. To date, preclinical studies have only examined the effects of exercise on responding maintained by individual drugs and not by combinations of multiple drugs. This limits the translational appeal of these studies because polydrug abuse is common among substance abusing populations. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on the self-administration of speedball, a combination of cocaine and heroin that is frequently encountered in intravenous drug abusing populations. MAIN
methodsFemale rats were obtained at weaning and assigned to sedentary or exercising conditions. Sedentary rats were housed in standard cages that permitted no exercise beyond normal cage ambulation; exercising rats were housed in similar cages with an activity wheel. After 6weeks, rats were implanted with intravenous catheters and trained to self-administer cocaine, heroin, and dose combinations of cocaine and heroin (i.e., speedball) on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement. KEY
findingsDoses of speedball maintained greater levels of responding than corresponding doses of cocaine and heroin alone. Importantly, responding maintained by cocaine, heroin, and speedball was lower in exercising rats than sedentary rats. SIGNIFICANCE: These data indicate that exercise decreases the self-administration of speedball and suggest that exercise may reduce the abuse of drug combinations that have traditionally been resistant to treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.