Trial reportClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2015
Long-term use of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors predict development of infections in patients with cirrhosis.
Trial report in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation Between Proton Pump Inhibitors and the Complications of Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2022Pooled it
- Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy and Hepatic Encephalopathy Risk in Cirrhotic Patients: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.Clinical drug investigation · 2019Pooled it
- Austrian consensus guidelines on the management and treatment of portal hypertension (Billroth III).Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2017Guideline
- Association between proton pump inhibitors and hepatic encephalopathy: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Non-absorbable antibiotics worsen alcohol-associated liver disease in gastric acid-suppressed mice.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Comprehensive review on the current management of upper-GI bleed.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Review
- A National Survey Shows a Dilemma Toward Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Prophylaxis Among US-Based Hepatology Professionals.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Immune Dysfunction and Infection Risk in Advanced Liver Disease.Gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Infection risk and management in patients with cirrhosis: A critical overview.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Chronic Liver Disease in the Older Patient-Evaluation and Management.Current gastroenterology reports · 2023Review
- Austrian consensus on the diagnosis and management of portal hypertension in advanced chronic liver disease (Billroth IV).Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2023Article
- Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitors Use and Increased Risk of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Cirrhotic Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.Gastroenterology research · 2022Article
- Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Occurrence in Cirrhotic Patients: A Clinical Review.Current medical science · 2022Review
- Article
- Treatment of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Patients with Cirrhosis - New Challenges.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Risk and protective factors of acute kidney injury in decompensated cirrhotic patients with ascites on tolvaptan.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2021Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy Increases the Risk of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Patients with HBV-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.Advances in therapy · 2021Article
- Association between intrahospital transfer and hospital-acquired infection in the elderly: a retrospective case-control study in a UK hospital network.BMJ quality & safety · 2021Article
- Hepatotoxicity-Related Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Cross-Sectional Study of Signal Mining and Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Report System Database.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsBacterial infections, particularly repeated infections, are significant causes of morbidity and mortality among patients with cirrhosis. We investigated and characterized risk factors for repeat infections in these patients.
methodsIn a prospective study, we collected data from 188 patients hospitalized with cirrhosis and infections and enrolled in the North American Consortium for the Study of End-Stage Liver Disease (12 centers). Patients were followed up for 6 months after hospital discharge and data were analyzed on type of infections and factors associated with subsequent infections.
resultsSix months after hospital discharge, 14% of subjects had received liver transplants, 27% died, and 59% were alive without liver transplantation. After discharge, 45% had subsequent infections, but only 26% of the subsequent infections occurred at the same site. Compared with patients not re-infected, patients with repeat infections were older and a higher proportion used proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (P = .006), rifaximin (P < .001), or prophylactic therapy for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) (P < .001). Logistic regression showed that SBP prophylaxis (odds ratio [OR], 3.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56-7.63), PPI use (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.39-6.20), SBP at hospital admission (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.15-0.91), and age (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02-1.11) were independent predictors of subsequent infections.
conclusionsPatients hospitalized with cirrhosis and infections are at high risk for subsequent infections, mostly at different sites, within 6 months of index infection resolution. Those at highest risk include previously infected older patients receiving PPIs and/or SBP prophylaxis, although these associations do not prove that these factors cause the infections. New strategies are needed to prevent infections in patients with cirrhosis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.