Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25127227›Full record

Observational studyPloS one2014

Associations between depression and diabetes in the community: do symptom dimensions matter? Results from the Gutenberg Health Study.

Jörg Wiltink, Matthias Michal, Philipp S Wild, Astrid Schneider, Jochem König, Maria Blettner, Thomas Münzel, Andreas Schulz, Matthias Weber, Christian Fottner and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Improvement of Glycemic Control in Insulin-Dependent Diabetics with Depression by Concomitant Treatment with Antidepressants.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2016
    Trial
  3. Does Mental Distress Predict Cardiac Surgical Outcome?The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Setting-Specific and Symptom-Specific Association between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Depressive Symptoms.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Observational
  17. Article
  18. The Prevalence of Glaucoma in Young People.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2017
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jörg WiltinkDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Matthias MichalDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Philipp S WildCenter for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain, Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Astrid SchneiderInstitute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Jochem KönigInstitute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Maria BlettnerInstitute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Thomas MünzelDepartment of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Andreas SchulzDepartment of Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Matthias WeberDepartment of Medicine 1, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Christian FottnerDepartment of Medicine 1, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Norbert PfeifferDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Karl LacknerInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Manfred E BeutelDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWhile a bidirectional relationship between diabetes and depression has been established, there is little knowledge if the associations are due to somatic-affective or cognitive-affective dimensions of depression. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsIn a population-based, representative survey of 15.010 participants we therefore studied the associations of the two dimensions of depression with diabetes and health care utilization among depressed and diabetic participants. Depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire PHQ-9.

resultsWe found a linear and consistent association between the intensity of depression and the presence of diabetes increasing from 6.9% in no or minimal depression to 7.6% in mild, 9% in moderate and 10.5% in severe depression. There was a strong positive association between somatic-affective symptoms but not with cognitive-affective symptoms and diabetes. Depression and diabetes were both independently related to somatic health care utilisation.

conclusionsDiabetes and depression are associated, and the association is primarily driven by the somatic-affective component of depression. The main limitation of our study pertains to the cross-sectional data acquisition. Further longitudinal work on the relationship of obesity and diabetes should differentiate the somatic and the cognitive symptoms of depression.

Indexed as

AdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesDelivery of Health CareDepressionDiabetes ComplicationsDiabetes MellitusFemaleGermanyHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID25127227
PMCPMC4134314
OpenAlexW1964148793

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.