ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutical investigation2014
Formulation and evaluation of stimuli-sensitive hydrogels of timolol maleate and brimonidine tartrate for the treatment of glaucoma.
Article in International journal of pharmaceutical investigation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering and Characterisation of 3D-Printed Timolol Maleate Implants for Long-Acting Glaucoma Treatment.The AAPS journal · 2026Article
- An Update on Novel Drug Delivery Systems for the Management of Glaucoma.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Topical Gel/Microsphere Eyedrop for Combined Delivery of Brimonidine and Timolol: A Comparative Study With Traditional Eye Drops in Rabbits.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Neem (Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023Article
- Cationic liposomes as promising vehicles for timolol/brimonidine combination ocular delivery in glaucoma: formulation development and in vitro/in vivo evaluation.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- Potential benefits of using chitosan and silk fibroin topical hydrogel for managing wound healing and coagulation.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023Article
- Glaucoma Treatment and Hydrogel: Current Insights and State of the Art.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Lipid-Based Nanovesicular Drug Delivery Systems.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Potential of Stimuli-Responsive In Situ Gel System for Sustained Ocular Drug Delivery: Recent Progress and Contemporary Research.Polymers · 2021Review
- Ocular co-Delivery of Timolol and Brimonidine from a Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogel for the Treatment of Glaucoma: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Advances and limitations of drug delivery systems formulated as eye drops.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2020Review
- Formulation and In-Vitro Characterization of Chitosan-Nanoparticles Loaded with the Iron Chelator Deferoxamine Mesylate (DFO).Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Sustained Delivery of Timolol Maleate for Over 90 Days by Subconjunctival Injection.Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · 2016Article
- Improved Skin Penetration Using In Situ Nanoparticulate Diclofenac Diethylamine in Hydrogel Systems: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2016Article
- Liposomal flucytosine capped with gold nanoparticle formulations for improved ocular delivery.Drug design, development and therapy · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStimuli-sensitive hydrogels are hydrophilic, three-dimensional, polymeric network structure capable of imbibing large amounts of water or biological fluids on stimulation, such as pH, temperature, and ionic change. Owing to the drawback of conventional therapy for ocular delivery, and to provide additive effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, stimuli sensitive hydrogel membranes containing a combination of timolol maleate and brimonidine tartrate were formulated for the treatment of glaucoma. MATERIALS AND
methodsStimuli-sensitive hydrogel were formulated by timolol maleate and brimonidine tartrate. Poly acrylic acid (carbopol C 934p) is used as a gelling agent, hydroxylpropyl methylcellulose as viscolizer, sodium chloride as tonicity agent. Bezalkonium chloride as preservative. White rabbits of both sexes, weighing between 2 and 3 kg were used for the study. Stirring of ingredients in pH 4 phosphate buffers at high speed was carried out.
resultViscosity of the prepared hydrogels lies in the optimum range that is, 25-55 cps. Infrared spectroscopy studies show that there is no interaction between the drug and polymer. Drug released up to 90% at the end of 8 h. The hydrogel membranes were found to be sterile, nonirritant to the eye. Marketed formulation showed a decrease in IOP up to 14 mmHg at the end of 5 h and then elimination of drug, F2 and F6 maintain the sustained effect up to 12 h.
conclusionStimuli-sensitive hydrogels was successfully formulated and evaluated for rheological studies, drug release studies, drug interaction studies, sterility studies, ocular irritation studies, and in vivo studies. IOP lowering activity of the combination of timolol maleate and brimonidine tartrate in stimuli-sensitive hydrogel was better when compared with alone medication, which shows the additive effect of combination medication.
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