ArticlePharmacy practice2010
Pattern of adverse drug reactions reported by the community pharmacists in Nepal.
Article in Pharmacy practice, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Singular Case Analysis: Lamotrigine-Associated Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.Case reports in critical care · 2024Article
- Article
- Bibliometric analysis of adverse drug reactions and pharmacovigilance research activities in Nepal.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2020Article
- Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal.BMC research notes · 2017Article
- Evaluation of community pharmacies regarding dispensing practices of antibiotics in two districts of central Nepal.PloS one · 2017Article
- Pharmacy students' knowledge and perceptions about adverse drug reactions reporting and pharmacovigilance.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2016Article
- Pharmacovigilance Knowledge among Patients at a Teaching Hospital in Lalitpur District, Nepal.Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR · 2014Article
- An educational intervention's effect on healthcare professionals' attitudes towards pharmacovigilance.The Australasian medical journal · 2014Article
- Need for involving consumers in Nepal's pharmacovigilance system.The Australasian medical journal · 2014Article
- Do community pharmacists in Nepal have a role in adverse drug reaction reporting systems?The Australasian medical journal · 2013Article
- Drug-related problems associated with self-medication and medication guided by prescription: A pharmacy-based survey.Indian journal of pharmacologyArticle
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3 authors.
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Abstract
unlabelledThe pharmacovigilance program in Nepal is less than a decade old, and is hospital centered. This study highlights the findings of a community based pharmacovigilance program involving the community pharmacists.
objectivesTo collect the demographic details of the patients experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADR) reported by the community pharmacists; to identify the common drugs causing the ADRs, the common types of ADRs; and to carry out the causality, severity and preventability assessments of the reported ADRs.
methodsThe baseline Knowledge-Attitude-Practices (KAP) of 116 community pharmacists from Pokhara valley towards drug safety was evaluated using a validated (Cronbach alpha=0.61) KAP questionnaire having 20 questions [(knowledge 11, attitude 5 and practice 4) maximum possible score 40]. Thirty community pharmacists with high scores were selected for three training sessions, each session lasting for one to two hours, covering the basic knowledge required for the community pharmacists for ADR reporting. Pharmacist from the regional pharmacovigilance center visited the trained community pharmacists every alternate day and collected the filled ADR reporting forms.
resultsAltogether 71 ADRs, from 71 patients (37 males) were reported. Antibiotics/ antibacterials caused 42% (n=37) of the total ADRs followed by non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [25% (n=22)]. Ibuprofen/paracetamol combination accounted for ten ADRs. The most common type of ADR was itching [17.2 % (n=20), followed by generalized edema [8.6 % (n=10)]. In order to manage the ADRs, the patients needed medical treatment in 69% (n=49) of the cases. Over two third (69%) of the ADRs had a 'possible' association with the suspected drugs and a high percentage (70.4%) were of 'mild (level 2)' type. Nearly two third [64.7 % (n=46)] of the ADRs were 'definitely preventable'.
conclusionThe common class of drugs known to cause ADRs was antibacterial/ antibiotics. Ibuprofen/ Paracetamol combination use of the drug was responsible for more number of ADRs and the most common ADRs were related to dermatological system. Strengthening this program might improve safe use of medicines in the community.
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