ReviewCurrent opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity2014
Psychiatric and cognitive manifestations of hypothyroidism.
Review in Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 200 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum 25-hydoxyvitamin D concentrations in relation to Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of observational studies.European journal of nutrition · 2020Pooled it
- The influence of identity-oriented psychotrauma therapy on Hashimoto disease activity: a randomised controlled trial.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Trial
- Thyroid Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment: Neural Mechanisms and Neurofeedback-Based Interventions.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- TMetabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Thyroid dysfunction and Research Domain Criteria framework-based depression phenotypes: Insights from a historical longitudinal cohort.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Histologically Confirmed Celiac Disease in a Multifactorial Primary-Care Presentation with Psychiatric, Musculoskeletal, and Hepatic Findings: A Case Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- HPT Axis Dysregulation in Mood and Anxiety Disorders: The Clinical Utility of Routine Hormonal Dosing in Psychiatric In-Patients.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Acute psychosis with convulsive episodes following total thyroidectomy induced by concurrent hypothyroidism and hypocalcemia: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Brain fatigue in Graves' disease: symptoms and presentation of a possible mechanism at the cellular level.European thyroid journal · 2026Review
- Revisiting Thyroid Function in Patients Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy for Severe or Treatment-Resistant Depression.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Psychometric properties of the thyroid-specific quality of life questionnaire ThyPRO-39 in patients with hypothyroidism.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Establishment and investigation of a surgical model of hypothyroidism in Wistar rats.PloS one · 2026Article
- Cognitive impairment in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: A conceptual framework and therapeutic implications.Surgical neurology international · 2026Review
- Thyroid dysfunction and cognitive function: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Multimodal brain network disruption and structural-functional decoupling in overt hypothyroidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The Role of Thyroid Hormones in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Opportunities and Challenges.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- When slowness is not Parkinsonism: hypothyroid-induced ataxia and cognitive slowing reversed by hormone replacement.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Impaired Sustained Attention in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism.Clinical medicine & research · 2025Article
- Early region-specific impact of adjuvant radiation therapy on cognition and quality of life in adult patients with primary brain tumors.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewOvert hypothyroidism has major effects on neuropsychiatric function, but patients with mild hypothyroidism may attribute unrelated neuropsychiatric symptoms to their thyroid condition. This review will summarize data on neuropsychiatric effects of hypothyroidism, and provide guidelines regarding the relationship between hypothyroidism and neuropsychiatric issues, and treatment indications. RECENT
findingsClinical investigations and functional imaging studies confirm that overt hypothyroidism is associated with affective and cognitive decrements, largely reversible with treatment. In contrast, subclinical hypothyroidism is not associated with major neuropsychiatric deficits, although studies utilizing sensitive measures show small deficits in memory and executive function. Neuropsychiatric complaints are more common when patients are aware of their thyroid disease, regardless of their thyroid function at the time of testing. SUMMARY: Neuropsychiatric dysfunction is common in overt hypothyroidism and will improve (perhaps not completely resolve) with therapy. Deficits related to thyroid dysfunction are usually mild in subclinical hypothyroidism, and realistic expectations need to be set regarding symptom reversibility with treatment. Patients with mild hypothyroidism and significant distress related to neuropsychiatric symptoms, most likely, have independent diagnoses that should be evaluated separately.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.