ArticlePloS one2014
The influence of body mass index, age and sex on inflammatory disease risk in semi-captive Chimpanzees.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Data From Great Ape Zoo Populations Confirm a High Prevalence of Overweight Individuals.American journal of primatology · 2026Article
- Minimal Evidence of Inflammaging in Naturalistic Chimpanzee Populations.American journal of biological anthropology · 2026Article
- Using the Welfare Quality® framework to develop a welfare assessment protocol for captive chimpanzees (Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2025Review
- Longitudinal Baboon (Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in captive olive baboons (Papio anubis): The effects of age, sex, rearing, stress, and pregnancy.American journal of primatology · 2024Article
- Survival rates and mortality risks of Plecturocebus cupreus at the California National Primate Research Center.American journal of primatology · 2023Article
- Body mass and growth rates in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) cared for in African wildlife sanctuaries, zoological institutions, and research facilities.Zoo biology · 2023Article
- Immunohematological features of free-living Alouatta belzebul (Linnaeus, 1766) red-handed howler monkeys in the Eastern Amazon.Primates; journal of primatology · 2022Article
- Evolutionary Approaches in Aging Research.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2022Review
- Morphometric Relationships, Growth and Condition Factors of Critically Endangered Chinese Pangolin (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Urinary neopterin of wild chimpanzees indicates that cell-mediated immune activity varies by age, sex, and female reproductive status.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Validation and utility of a body condition scoring system for chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).American journal of primatology · 2020Article
- Localized cytokine responses to total knee arthroplasty and total knee revision complications.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Article
- Large Lemurs: Ecological, Demographic and Environmental Risk Factors for Weight Gain in Captivity.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- A review of research in primate sanctuaries.Biology letters · 2020Review
- Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): The effects of sex, age, and rearing.PloS one · 2020Article
- Age- and Sex-associated Differences in Phenotypic and Functional Characteristics of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Chimpanzees (Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2017Article
- Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in children with familial Mediterranean fever: Original article.European journal of rheumatology · 2015Article
- Host sex and age influence endoparasite burdens in the gray mouse lemur.Frontiers in zoology · 2015Article
- Recurrent abdominal pain and fever as clinical manifestations: epiploic appendagitis.International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Obesity and ageing are emerging issues in the management of captive primates, including Chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes. Studies on humans show that obesity and old age can independently increase the risk of inflammatory-associated diseases indicated by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cells and proteins in the blood of older or obese compared to levels in younger or non-obese individuals. In humans, sex can influence the outcomes of these risks. Health management of these problems in chimpanzee populations requires an understanding of similarities and differences of factors influencing inflammatory disease risks in humans and in chimpanzees. We examined the relationship between age, sex and Body Mass Index (BMI) with hematological biomarkers of inflammatory disease risk established for humans which include the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and neutrophil, white blood cell (WBC), platelet microparticle and platelet counts. We found that higher values of NLR, neutrophil count and platelet microparticle count were associated with higher BMI values and older age indicating increased inflammation risk in these groups; a similar pattern to humans. There was a strong sex by age interaction on inflammation risk, with older males more at risk than older females. In contrast to human studies, total WBC count was not influenced by BMI, but like humans, WBC and platelet counts were lower in older individuals compared to younger individuals. Our findings are similar to those of humans and suggest that further insight on managing chimpanzees can be gained from extensive studies of ageing and obesity in humans. We suggest that managing BMI should be an integral part of health management in captive chimpanzee populations in order to partially reduce the risk of diseases associated with inflammation. These results also highlight parallels in inflammation risk between humans and chimpanzees and have implications for understanding the evolution of inflammation related diseases in apes.
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Registered trials
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