ArticlePsychopharmacology2015
Etazolate, a phosphodiesterase-4 enzyme inhibitor produces antidepressant-like effects by blocking the behavioral, biochemical, neurobiological deficits and histological abnormalities in hippocampus region caused by olfactory bulbectomy.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phosphodiesterase 4 regulates pyroptosis in subarachnoid hemorrhage.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Bioactive Fused Pyrazoles Inspired by the Adaptability of 5-Aminopyrazole Derivatives: Recent Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Repeated Sulforaphane Treatment Reverses Depressive-like Behavior and Exerts Antioxidant Effects in the Olfactory Bulbectomy Model in Mice.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Olfactory Bulbectomy Model of Depression Lowers Responding for Food in Male and Female Rats: The Modulating Role of Caloric Restriction and Response Requirement.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Differences in Evolution of Epileptic Seizures and Topographical Distribution of Tissue Damage in Selected Limbic Structures Between Male and Female Rats Submitted to the Pilocarpine Model.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Protocatechuic acid attenuate depressive-like behavior in olfactory bulbectomized rat model: behavioral and neurobiochemical investigations.Metabolic brain disease · 2019Article
- Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase 4 by FCPR03 Alleviates Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors and Prevents Dendritic Spine Loss in Mice Hippocampi.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Article
- Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 by FCPR16 protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPPRedox biology · 2018Article
- Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase 4 by FCPR03 Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors in Mice: Involvement of p38 and JNK Signaling Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors as a Therapeutic Approach to Neuroprotection and Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleOlfactory bulbectomy (OBX) is a widely used model for antidepressant screening and known to induce neurodegeneration in several brain areas. Our earlier studies demonstrated that etazolate produced antidepressant-like effects in behavioral despair models of depression; however, the potential role of etazolate on behavior and morphological changes in the hippocampus region along with its underlying mechanism(s) following OBX has not been adequately addressed.
objectivesWe evaluated if etazolate could protect against OBX-induced depression-like behavioral deficits and neurodegeneration. The possible underlying mechanism of etazolate in OBX model was also investigated.
methodsThe effects of etazolate were measured in a battery of behavioral paradigms, including the forced swim test (FST), sucrose consumption, open arm activity in elevated plus maze (EPM), and hyperemotionality tests. The underlying mechanisms were investigated by measuring serum corticosterone (CORT), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and oxidative/nitrosative stress (lipid peroxidation and nitrite) levels and antioxidant enzymes, like reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels in the hippocampus.
resultOBX rats showed depression-like behavior anomalies in behavioral paradigms. OBX rats also showed high CORT and decreased cAMP, phosphorylated CREB (pCREB), and BDNF levels. Additionally, we found increased oxidative/nitrosative stress and reduced antioxidant enzyme levels in the hippocampus. Histopathological analysis showed morphological changes and neuronal loss in the hippocampus. Etazolate (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) attenuated the OBX-induced behavioral, biochemical, neurobiological, and histopathological alterations.
conclusionThe aforesaid results suggest that etazolate produces an antidepressant-like effect and neuroprotection in OBX, which is possibly mediated by modulating biochemical and neurobiological markers in the hippocampus.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.