ReviewBiomacromolecules2014
Multivalent polymers for drug delivery and imaging: the challenges of conjugation.
Review in Biomacromolecules, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Circular-by-Design Zwitterionic Polyglycerol-Polyoxazoline-Lysine Pseudodendrimers as Multifunctional Antibacterial and Anticancer Drug Delivery Platforms.Biomacromolecules · 2026Article
- Engineering pH-Responsive Dendrimer-STAT3 Inhibitor Conjugates for Intracellular Delivery.Biomacromolecules · 2026Article
- Precise synthesis of telechelic rodlike polyisocyanides: versatile building blocks for fabricating polymer frameworks with controllable pore-apertures.Chemical science · 2026Article
- Important design rules discovered for supramolecular multivalent ligands interacting with dynamic receptors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Hydrochalcogenation Reactions with Noncanonical Amino Acids as a Route to Increase Bioconjugate Valency.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Antibacterial Polymers Based on Two Orthogonal Binding Motifs Coalesce with Bacterial Matter.ACS applied bio materials · 2025Article
- Towards a unifying model for B-cell receptor triggering.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Enhanced diffusion through multivalency.Soft matter · 2025Article
- Nanotherapeutic Heterogeneity: Sources, Effects, and Solutions.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024Review
- Multifunctional PEG Carrier by Chemoenzymatic Synthesis for Drug Delivery Systems: In Memory of Professor Andrzej Dworak.Polymers · 2022Article
- Designing Functional Bionanoconstructs for EffectiveBioconjugate chemistry · 2022Review
- Polymer-based nano-therapies to combat COVID-19 related respiratory injury: progress, prospects, and challenges.Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition · 2021Article
- Article
- Distributions: The Importance of the Chemist's Molecular View for Biological Materials.Biomacromolecules · 2018Review
- Enhanced Targeted Gene Transduction: AAV2 Vectors Conjugated to Multiple Aptamers via Reducible Disulfide Linkages.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2018Article
- Chitosan Engineered PAMAM Dendrimers as Nanoconstructs for the Enhanced Anti-Cancer Potential and Improved In vivo Brain Pharmacokinetics of Temozolomide.Pharmaceutical research · 2018Article
- Increase in Dye:Dendrimer Ratio Decreases Cellular Uptake of Neutral Dendrimers in RAW Cells.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2016Article
- Polymeric drugs: Advances in the development of pharmacologically active polymers.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2015Review
- Fluorophore:dendrimer ratio impacts cellular uptake and intracellular fluorescence lifetime.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2015Article
- Targeting breast cancer with sugar-coated carbon nanotubes.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Multivalent polymers offer a powerful opportunity to develop theranostic materials on the size scale of proteins that can provide targeting, imaging, and therapeutic functionality. Achieving this goal requires the presence of multiple targeting molecules, dyes, and/or drugs on the polymer scaffold. This critical review examines the synthetic, analytical, and functional challenges associated with the heterogeneity introduced by conjugation reactions as well as polymer scaffold design. First, approaches to making multivalent polymer conjugations are discussed followed by an analysis of materials that have shown particular promise biologically. Challenges in characterizing the mixed ligand distributions and the impact of these distributions on biological applications are then discussed. Where possible, molecular-level interpretations are provided for the structures that give rise to the functional ligand and molecular weight distributions present in the polymer scaffolds. Lastly, recent strategies employed for overcoming or minimizing the presence of ligand distributions are discussed. This review focuses on multivalent polymer scaffolds where average stoichiometry and/or the distribution of products have been characterized by at least one experimental technique. Key illustrative examples are provided for scaffolds that have been carried forward to in vitro and in vivo testing with significant biological results.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.