ArticleNature2014
Antiviral immunity via RIG-I-mediated recognition of RNA bearing 5'-diphosphates.
Article in Nature, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 357 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
357 citing papers in PubMed, 554 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discovery of direct-acting small-molecule RIG-I agonists through creation of a selective CARD activation platform.Nature communications · 2026Article
- miR-26a-5p Activates Antiviral Innate Immunity via Direct Binding and Activation of RIG-I.Viruses · 2026Article
- Loss of cellular RNA homeostasis contributes to MDA5 activation during virus infection.Nature immunology · 2026Article
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- Comparative analysis of expression, immunogenicity, and safety profiles between linear and circular RNA vaccine platforms.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Human RIG-I Antiviral Deficiency Caused by a Dominant-Negative Variant Locked in a Signaling-Inactive State.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- T cell-intrinsic PRR signaling in immunity and pathology.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2026Review
- Advances in the immunosuppression of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- The interferon-inducible MxB large GTPase attenuates hepatitis B virus replication by activating the RIG-I innate immunity signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Unlocking mRNA-driven CRISPR-Cas9 gene therapy via optimizing mRNA and the delivery vectors.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Mind the cap: Detecting degradation impurities in synthetic mRNAs.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Nef stabilizes actin to prevent HIV-1 sensing by RIG-I-like receptors.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Toward unraveling molecular grammars for dsRNA-binding proteins: substrate recognition to binding mechanisms.BMB reports · 2025Review
- Mutations in feline infectious peritonitis virus nonstructural protein 14/16 methyltransferase attenuate the pathogenicity of the virus in cats.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Sensing of Ebinur Lake virus by distinct pattern recognition receptors dictates cell-type specific innate immunity and pathogenesis.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- The RIG-I-like receptor family of immune proteins.Molecular cell · 2025Review
- Transcription, Maturation and Degradation of Mitochondrial RNA: Implications for Innate Immune Response.Biomolecules · 2025Review
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- Research progress of mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
297 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Mammalian cells possess mechanisms to detect and defend themselves from invading viruses. In the cytosol, the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I; encoded by DDX58) and MDA5 (melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5; encoded by IFIH1) sense atypical RNAs associated with virus infection. Detection triggers a signalling cascade via the adaptor MAVS that culminates in the production of type I interferons (IFN-α and β; hereafter IFN), which are key antiviral cytokines. RIG-I and MDA5 are activated by distinct viral RNA structures and much evidence indicates that RIG-I responds to RNAs bearing a triphosphate (ppp) moiety in conjunction with a blunt-ended, base-paired region at the 5'-end (reviewed in refs 1, 2, 3). Here we show that RIG-I also mediates antiviral responses to RNAs bearing 5'-diphosphates (5'pp). Genomes from mammalian reoviruses with 5'pp termini, 5'pp-RNA isolated from yeast L-A virus, and base-paired 5'pp-RNAs made by in vitro transcription or chemical synthesis, all bind to RIG-I and serve as RIG-I agonists. Furthermore, a RIG-I-dependent response to 5'pp-RNA is essential for controlling reovirus infection in cultured cells and in mice. Thus, the minimal determinant for RIG-I recognition is a base-paired RNA with 5'pp. Such RNAs are found in some viruses but not in uninfected cells, indicating that recognition of 5'pp-RNA, like that of 5'ppp-RNA, acts as a powerful means of self/non-self discrimination by the innate immune system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.